BIO 5 Lab Report: Lactase Enzymes Enzymes are biological catalysts or assistants. Enzymes consist of various types of proteins that work to drive the chemical reaction required for a specific action or nutrient. Enzymes can either launch a reaction or speed it up. The chemicals that are transformed with the help of enzymes are called substrates. In the absence of enzymes‚ these chemicals are called reactants. Enzymes are thought to have an area with a very particular shape. When a molecule of
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Enzymes are catalytic proteins which speed up the rate of reactions. Every enzyme has a specific function – meaning‚ they can only bind to certain substrates. Because these enzymes are proteins‚ they can be denatured. Enzymes can be denatured by many factors‚ such as pH and temperature. This lab was divided into three parts which examined the effects of pH‚ enzyme concentration and temperature on the rate of which enzymes catalyze. The pH is an index of hydrogen ions. In acidic conditions‚ where
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Plants in Temperature An Investigatory Project Presented To the High School Department of the New Jerusalem School In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements in
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the effects of different factors such as temperature‚ pH‚ and concentration of substrate‚ on the activity of the enzymes. By conducting these three separate experiments also‚ three graphs are able to be obtained where the trend of each factor affecting on the enzyme activity is shown and described clearly. II. Hypothesis Experiment 1 (Effect of Temperature): As the temperature increases‚ the height of the bubble will increase too‚ indicating a faster rate of reaction. Experiment 2 (Effect of
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------------------------------------------------- COLORIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF pH ------------------------------------------------- Abstract This experiment examined the result of the various color indicators combined with different buffer solution‚ thereby testing the precision and accuracy of determining the pH value colorimetrically. Colorimetric method is a simple and practical procedure with an important advantage: they do not get out of order as from time to time do the pH-meters. Four buffers (Acetate buffer‚ phosphate
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There are many reasons why enzymes have such a high specificity. The first variable is an enzyme’s primary structure. A primary structure is just a combination of amino acids. There are twenty different amino acids that the primary structure can be created from. Every enzyme has a different order that the acids are placed in and each one has a different number or amino acids. The slightest change in this structure can affect a protein’s conformation and function. The secondary structure is a regular
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LAB 1: What temperature does the enzyme actually work properly in? (Hypothesis) If the temperature is below 40 but above 20‚ then the liver will show bubbles. If the temperature is raised higher than the optimum temperature‚ then an extreme decline in enzyme activity would occur following by the quick denaturing of the enzyme‚ rendering it is permanently useless. Also about 37°C is body temperature. The liver that was at 25°C had a huge amount of bubbles (a 4 on the scale) and the 0°C
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Temperature Rising Global Warming is the increase in the average temperature of the Earth’s near-surface air‚ landmasses‚ and oceans its projected prolongation. Many believe that the Earth is currently facing warming in the ozone layer brought on by the rising levels of trapped gases known as the greenhouse effect resulting especially from pollution. Global warming is‚ in Laymen’s terms‚ altering the balance in energy of the earth (Reid 27). “The topic of climatic change has been in question
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Experiment 3: Soil pH measurement Introduction Aims The aims of the experiment were to determine the pH of a variety of soils which included sedentary‚ 3:2‚ sand‚ organic matter with the means of a pH meter at various soil water ratios and with or without calcium chloride. Method and Materials Samples of sedentary soil‚ 3:2 soil‚ sand‚ organic matter and compost‚ 100ml vials(x12)‚ bottle of distilled water‚ analytical balance‚ pH meter‚ 2 buffer solution of known pH‚ 0.25M calcium chloride
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BIOCHEMISTRY 304 Enzyme Kinetic Sample Problems #1 September 2004 1 Given the reaction k1 kp E + S ES E + P k-1 where k1 = 1 x 107 M-1 sec-1 k-1 = 1 x 102 sec-1‚ and kp = 3 x 102 sec-1 a) Calculate Ks b) Calculate Km (a) k-1 1 x 102 sec-1 Ks = k1 = 1 x 107 M-1 sec-1 = 1 x 10-5 M (b) k-1 + kp (1 x 102 sec-1) + (3 x 102 sec-1)
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