The plasma membrane surrounds the cytoplasm of living cells‚ physically separating the intracellular components from the extracellular environment. It also plays a role in anchoring the cytoskeleton provide shape to the cell‚ and in attaching to the extracellular matrix and other cells to help group cells together to form tissues. The plasma membrane helps maintain homeostasis by diffusion and osmosis. Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a membrane. Diffusion is the process by which molecules
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Nicole Reardon Biology 1520‚ Section P2 Effects of penicillin and temperature on the growth of Escherichia coli Abstract Bacteria growth is known to be either augmented or impeded by a number of various factors; in this experiment‚ our group tested how E. coli is affected by penicillin as well as how different temperatures can affect bacteria growth. We know that antibiotics are generally specialized against certain types of bacteria—more specifically‚ some are most effective against Gram-negative
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An experiment to investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of reaction of the Enzyme Trypsin. Aim: This investigation was on the effect temperature has on the rate that the enzyme trypsin hydrolyses its substrate‚ a protein found in milk (casein). This investigation was conducted under controlled conditions‚ the temperature being the changeable variable. Trypsin and its substrate (powdered milk which is a source of the protein casein) were heated in a water bath. The contents of the two
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Alex Haley: Roots Contents Page Contents 2 1. Introduction 3 2. Alex Haley: Roots 4 3. Dialogue between Kunta and his father 5 4. Kunta’s thoughts 7 5. Summary 8 Omoro said that three groups of people lived in a village. First were those you could see – walking around‚ eating‚ sleeping‚ and working. Second were the ancestors‚ whom Grandma Yaisa had now joined. “And the third people – who are they?” asked Kunta
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The Nervous System: Membrane Potential 1. Record the intracellular and extracellular concentrations of the following ions (mM/L): Intracellular Extracellular Sodium (Na+) Potassium (K+) Chloride (Cl–) 2. Excitable cells‚ like neurons‚ are more permeable to ___________ than to ___________. 3. How would the following alterations affect the membrane permeability to K+? Use arrows to indicate the change in permeability. a. An increase in the number of passive K+ channels
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Physiology 168 March 14‚ 2014 Diffusion across a Selectively Permeable membrane Introduction: Diffusion is movement of molecules from one area of concentration to another. This process is vital for the life functions of cells. Cells have selectively permeable membranes that allow only certain solutions to pass through them. Osmosis is a special kind of diffusion that allows water to go through semi-permeable membranes of high water potential to a region of lower water potential. Water potential
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for the description of all biological membranes • Transmembrane segments of membrane proteins anchor membrane proteins in the lipid bilayer. • A ganglioside is not a phospholipid. • Thin-layer chromatography separates lipids based on hydrophobicity. • Unsaturated fatty acids have double bonds and increased membrane fluidity. • Cholesterol increases fluidity at low temperatures and decreases fluidity at high temperatures. • Ankyrin is a peripheral membrane protein found in erythrocytes. Therefore
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Cell Energy SCI/230 9/28/12 Associate Program Material Cell Energy Worksheet Answer the following questions: * Cellular respiration: * What is cellular respiration and what are its three stages? * * Cellular respiration is the multi-step process in which oxygen is transformed within cells * producing carbon dioxide‚ the process purpose is transforming fuel intake into energy for cells. The three stages are glycolysis‚ citric acid cycle‚ and oxidative phosphorylation
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anything covered in lecture may appear on the exam. Membrane Transport 1. Describe the cell permeability and membrane transport. What can enter/exit the cell on its own? What requires assistance? Why? 2. Describe membrane potential. What is it? How is it established? How does it influence the transport of charged molecules? What are the components of the electrochemical gradient? 3. What are the different types of membrane transport? Describe each in detail. Which move solutes
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changes in temperature expands the air inside of the basketball causing it to bounce higher. This experiment was decided by observations made while playing the sport basketball. It was observed that when a basketball is left in the sun and made warm‚ the ball bounces higher when dribbled than if left inside. Our assumed result was that an increase in temperature would cause an increase in air pressure causing the bounce of the basketball to increase. The independent variable was the temperature in which
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