1) What is the Castellum. A castellum is a building that distributed water throughout Pompeii and Herculaneum. The task of the castellum was to spread water all over Rome for public and private use. In Source 1‚ it shows three lead pipes which transferred water all over the city of Pompeii. The bricks encompassing the water narrow the water allowing it to fit through the pipes. 2) Why does the engineer Vitruvius recommend a three part water distribution in a town? A three part water distribution
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Pompeii‚ as a typical Roman colony provincial towns‚ was self-administrating in local matters‚ but subject to imperial decree from Rome. However‚ the emperor rarely interfered except where the empire’s security or local order was threatened. After the revolt in the amphitheatre between Pompeians and Nucerians in AD 59 the emperor‚ Nero‚ dismissed the two chief magistrates‚ had two more elected and appointed a law-giving prefect to supervise them. The inhabitants did not rail against such interference
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Women in Pompeii and Herculaneum had a social position between slaves and freedmen. They often spent their time at home‚ learning and fulfilling the required domestic skills. Although they did not have as many rights as the men did‚ they were still able to gain power by operating businesses‚ owning land‚ becoming priestesses‚ and earn profits for themselves. Girls‚ usually from an upper-class‚ had an education either at home or school‚ giving them the knowledge to fulfill the rights they had. The
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destroyed Pompeii‚ an ancient Italian city. The staggering display of eruptions lasted for approximately 19 hours‚ continuing into the morning of the 25th. Research has shown that all of the 20‚000 citizens of Pompeii had the chance to escape this catastrophe; however with the lack of education and technology‚ no one had recognized the inherent danger of the mountain’s warnings. By the time Mount Vesuvius had finished its reign of terror‚ the affluent and flourishing city of Pompeii was silenced
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Electoral assembly (comitium)‚ town council (curia)‚ chief magistrates (duumviri) and magistrates (aediles). These parties were elected in through different means and for different purposes. The electoral assembly was voted in by the Roman citizens of Pompeii. Those elected were then in charge of electing the duumviri and aediles. The town council was made up prominent citizens with an honourable reputation and profession. They need be at least 25 years of age and reasonably wealthy. They were in control
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THE ECONOMY The economy of Pompeii owed much to two factors‚ the fertility of the Campanian soil and the town’s position as the harbour for the surrounding region. Wall paintings indicate that a wide range of fruits and vegetables were grown in the region. In these‚ as in grain the city would have been self-sufficient. The two most significant agricultural products were undoubtedly wine and olive oil. Both of these were widely exported and they must have contributed greatly to the wealth
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Pompeii and Herculaneum are undoubtedly two of the most prolific and valuable archaeological finds of the ancient world. Both sites‚ due to their preservation in the hardened volcanic tufa and undisturbed tonnes of ash expelled by Vesuvius in AD 79‚ have yielded an abundance of archaeological artefacts which include human remains. Archaeologists‚ historians and museum authorities now face a critically urgent question of ethics concerning the excavation‚ scientific study and display of human remains
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PLANS AND STREETSCAPES OF POMPEII AND HERCULANEUM POMPEII: - 66 hectares in area. Only two-thirds of the site of Pompeii has been excavated. - Walls – 3.2 km of wall built from tufa. Some sections of the wall at the east of the town had been dismantled - Watch towers – some towers still remain in the wall‚ on the north side of Pompeii - Stepping stones were placed across streets to allow people to cross the street without getting wet or muddy (or worse). - Use of land: Temples‚ theatres
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The discovery of Pompeii in 1784 marked a monumental moment in history with the discovery of a covered town and its secrets of the ancient civilisation buried by the natural disaster‚ the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79. Following the discovery the process of excavation began over the 19th Century there was an increase in the changing methods used by archaeologists in order to further develop our understanding of the ancient civilisation of Pompeii. Before the 19th Century archaeology was used
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The case study that will be looked at is about an excavation that has been on going in British Columbia‚ Canada‚ which I have had the privilege working on. The Bridge River Band or Xwisten is just one of the bands that make up the St’át’imc First Nation. The Bridge River excavation has been going on for the better part of a decade. The site mainly consists of pit houses that were occupied up to 1400 years ago. The University of Montana and its archaeological program have been the main archaeologists
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