What is the role of acetylcholine (ACh) in a skeletal muscle contraction? Acetylcholine diffuses into the muscle fiber’s plasma membrane and binds to receptors in the motor end plate starting a change in ion permeability that results in a graded depolarization of the muscle plasma membrane. 6. Describe the process of excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle fibers. A shock is sent to thru the muscle‚ leading into the contraction of the of the muscle 7. Describe the three phases of a
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BIO 210 Anatomy & Physiology I Study Guide for Cumulative Final Exam 1. Know the Student Learning Objectives given on the course syllabus. 2. Be able to define: anatomy chemistry positive feedback anabolism physiology biochemistry negative feedback catabolism histology homeostasis metabolism 3. Be able to identify specific examples of homeostasis and negative feedback regulation with blood glucose and calcium levels and blood pressure control. 4. Be able to place each level
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Physiology Linder Unit 1 Possible Essay Questions Chapter 1 1. Describe the concept of homeostasis. Explain how negative feedback and positive feedback loops effect the homeostatic condition. Use examples to explain your answer. Homeostasis can be described as maintaining a relatively internal environment even though the external environment is variable. Negative feedback loops effect the homeostatic condition by controlling it by bringing you back to your set point
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EXAM 2 Study Guide PSCI 3315 (Spring 2012) Anesthetics From a list of anesthetics‚ be able to pick out the general anesthetics and the local ones General Inhaled:desflurane Sevoflurane Isoflurane Enflurane Halothane Methoxyflurane a. IV i. Dizzepam ii. Loraepam iii. Midazolam (drug of choice for IV) Local anesthetics (esters and amides) End in –caine (lidocaine‚ buplvacaine‚ procaine‚ cocaine) Be familiar with the potential adverse effects of general and local anesthetics Local:
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Pivot joints (known also as rotary joints). These joints allow for rotation around an axis. There is a pivot joint near the top of your spine that allows your head to move from side to side. Hinge joints. This type of joint can open and close like a door. Your elbow is a hinge joint. Your biceps and triceps muscles are basically two people standing on opposite sides of a wall (the humerus‚ or upper-arm bone)‚ each with one hand reaching over to its respective side of a door (the bones of the lower
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Dennervation hypersensitivity damage to the ANS increases the effector response to stimulation Ganglia a cluster of nerve cell bodies that lie outside the CNS Mass activation Divergence-Preganglionic fibers branch to synapse with numerous postganglionic fibers (up‚ down‚ level) Convergence-Postganglionic fibers receive input from numerous preganglionic fibers Sympathetic system is activated as a unit Sympathoadrenal System the closely related functioning adrenal medulla and sympathetic nervous
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PhysioEX notes Autorhythmicity- heart’s ability to trigger its own contractions Phase O- a lot like depolarization in neuronal action potentials. Sodium channels open‚ increase of sodium INTO cell. Phase 1- sodium channels close‚ potassium channels close‚ decrease in potassium and sodium. Calcium channels open‚ increase of calcium into cell. Phase 2- Plateau phase‚ membrane still depolarized (contract). Potassium channels closed‚ L-type calcium channels stay open. Lasts 0.2 seconds/200
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EXERCISE 2: Skeletal Muscle Physiology Student Name: Student ID#: Student instructions: Follow the step-by-step instructions for this exercise found in your lab manual and record your answers in the spaces below. Submit this completed document by the assignment due date found in the Syllabus. Rename this document to include your first and last name prior to submitting‚ e.g. Exercise2_JohnSmith.doc. Please make sure that your answers are typed in RED. (You may delete these instructions
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cell membrane is totally insensitive to additional stimuli‚ regardless of the stimulus force applied __C__ major cation found inside of a cell a. threshold b. sodium c. potassium d. resting membrane e. absolute refractory period f. depolarization 2. Fill in the blanks with the correct words or terms. Neurons‚ as with other excitable cells of the body‚ have two major physiological properties: _irritability____ and _conductivity___. A neuron has a positive charge on the outer surface
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REVIEW SHEET EXERCISE 3 Neurophysiology of Nerve Impulses NAME: LAB TIME/DATE: Eliciting (Generating) a Nerve Impulse 1. Why don’t the terms depolarization and action potential mean the same thing? Action potential is a quick depolarization followed by a repolarization. Depolarization is a one way trip. It also takes a substantial depolarization to cause an action potential. 2. What was the threshold voltage in Activity 1? 3.0 V 3. What was the effect of increasing the voltage? How does
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