20 The Heart PowerPoint® Lecture Presentations prepared by Jason LaPres Lone Star College—North Harris © 2012 Pearson Education‚ Inc. An Introduction to the Cardiovascular System • Learning Outcomes • 20-1 Describe the anatomy of the heart‚ including vascular supply and pericardium structure‚ and trace the flow of blood through the heart‚ identifying the major blood vessels‚ chambers‚ and heart valves. • 20-2 Explain the events of an action potential in cardiac muscle‚ indicate the
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The affect of psychological stress on the heart rate. Introduction: The human body is incredible machinery that can adjust to stressful situations and react in a “fight-or flight” manner by temporarily shutting off nonessential‚ at the moment‚ immune and digestive systems. When the body is ready for a challenge‚ heart rate increases‚ blood pressure rises and glucose production intensifies to supply large amounts of energy. These metabolic changes are caused by release of stress hormones (catecholamine
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reversal in charges‚ with a positive charge now occurring on the interior of the cell and a negative charge on the exterior. The cell is said to be depolarized‚ resulting in an action potential causing the nerve impulse to move along the axon. As depolarization of the membrane proceeds along the nerve‚ a series of reactions start with the opening and closing of ion gates‚ which allow the potassium ions to flow back into the cell and sodium ions to move out of the cell. The nerve becomes polarized again
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SPECIAL SENSES GENERAL PRESENTATION Overview of the Nervous System • Endocrine and nervous systems maintain internal coordination – Endocrine system: communicates by means of chemical messengers (hormones) secreted into to the blood – Nervous system: employs electrical and chemical means to send messages from cell to cell 12-2 Overview of the Nervous System • Nervous system carries out its task in three basic steps • Sense organs receive information about changes in the body and external environment
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A&PII: Ch. 18‚ page 1/5 Chapter 18: The Cardiovascular System: The Heart Heart Anatomy Approximately the size of a fist Location Enclosed in pericardium‚ a double-walled sac Pericardium Superficial fibrous pericardium Deep two-layered serous pericardium Layers of the Heart Wall Epicardium—visceral layer of the serous pericardium Myocardium Endocardium is continuous with endothelial lining of blood vessels Chambers Four chambers: two atria and two ventricles Atria: The Receiving Chambers Walls
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muscle contraction Introduction For a skeletal muscle fiber to contract‚ a stimulus must be applied to it. The stimulus is delivered by a nerve cell‚ or neuron. A neuron has a threadlike process called and axon that my run 91 cm or more to a muscle. A bundle of such fibers from man different neurons composes a nerve. A neuron that stimulates muscle tissue is called a motor neuron. The motor neuron branches into terminal structures called telodendria that come into close approximation with
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Module 6 – Written Assignment – A Broken Heart There are multiple functions of hemoglobin. The aim of this is to focus and discuss several parallel biological functions of hemoglobin. Hemoglobin has a molecular heat transducer through it oxygenation deoxygenation cycle. Hemoglobin has a modulator of erythrocyte metabolism. Hemoglobin oxidation as an onset of erythrocyte senescence. Hemogloblin and its implication in genetic resistance to malaria. The enzymatic activities of hemoglobin and
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Purpose The purpose of this experiment was to become familiar with the electrocardiograph to help us determine the electrical activity of the heart. As well as‚ to observe how exercise and different body positions(conditions) can affect the activity of the heart. Introduction Trained professionals can look at the EKG tracing and determine if the heart is normal or if the heart is abnormal. “An ECG records the electrical activity of the heart. The heart produces tiny electrical impulses which spread
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DEFIBRILLATOR Definition An electronic device that administers an electric shock of preset voltage to the heart through the chest wall in an attempt to restore the normal rhythm of the heart during ventricular fibrillation. Defibrillation is a procedure used to treat life threatening conditions that affect the rhythm of the heart such as cardiac arrhythmia‚ ventricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia. The procedure involves the delivery of an electric shock to the heart which
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BIOAP 458‚ 2012 Name: _______________________ Raw Score: ________/ 102‚ ________% PROBLEM SET 7 Cardiac Electrophysiology 1) (8 pts.) Match the most appropriate pairs _F__ AV node (atrioventricular node) _E__ gap junctions _G__ action potential generated by ventricular myocytes _H__ functions as the pacemaker of the whole heart _D__ calcium _C__ Bachmann’s bundle _A__ Bundle of His _B__ action potential generated by pacemakers Prof. Beyenbach VRT 8014 A. ventricular conduction system that distributes
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