Individual Behavior Chap 5: Personality and Values personality - Enduring characteristics that describe an individual’s behavior. heredity - Factors determined at conception; one’s biological‚ physiological‚ and inherent psychological makeup. personality traits - Enduring characteristics that describe an individual’s behavior. Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) A personality test that taps four characteristics and classifies people into 1 of 16 personality types. • Extraverted (E)
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study. 3. When asked who you think will win the next presidential election‚ you reply that you do not know. However‚ after the election results are reported‚ you claim that it was obvious all along. This is an example of the: Correct answer: Hindsight bias. 6. Ann Landers’ 1984 survey of women readers’ opinions about romantic affection and sex was probably:
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to be more strongly motivated by payoff maximization. c. For the most part‚ groups tend to be more competitive than individuals 3. Brief review of research on group decision making in non-interactive settings a. Groups tend to display less hindsight bias (Stahlberg‚ citation 26) b. Groups tend to be less overconfident (Sniezek and Henry‚ citation 28) c. Groups take better risks (Rockenbach‚ Sadrieh and Mathauschek‚ citation 29) d. Groups make fewer errors than individuals in risky choice (Charness
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Unit 4: Decision-Making With A Strategic Emphasis: Earth Baby‚ Inc. Kaplan University GB519-04N Measurement & Decision Making Professor: Gene Sullivan Date: February 27‚ 2013 Decision-Making & Strategic Analysis A common problem in companies today is the tendency of top decision-makers to neglect the long-term strategic goals and focus on short-term goals and profit. Although decision-makers must consider both short-term and long-term
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Fundamentals of Macroeconomics Paper ECO/372 Fundamentals of Macroeconomics Paper Part 1 * Gross Domestic Product (GDP)- is the market value of all goods and services within a country in a period of time (Hindsight). * Real GDP- account for changes in the price level‚ an adjusted measure compared to Nominal GDP. * Nominal GDP- When a GDP figures that has not been adjusted for inflation. * Unemployment Rate- The rate is measure of unemployment citizens by dividing the number
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master three aspects of visionary sight – 1. Hindsight: The ability to reflect and learn from the past 2. Insight: The ability to interpret and respond to the present 3. Foresight: The ability to predict and prepare for the future But while every leader must operate in all three aspects of vision‚ which focus they rely on most will have far-reaching implications for their lives and organisations they build. Which focus do you favour? Hindsight Leadership: Tends to emphasise the value of experience
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Berry‚ C. M.‚ Ones‚ D. S.‚ & Sackett‚ P. R. (2007). Interpersonal deviance‚ organizational deviance‚ and their common correlates: A review and meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology‚ 92(2)‚ 410–424. Blank‚ H.‚ Musch‚ J.‚ & Pohl‚ R. (2007). Hindsight bias: On being wise after the event. Social Cognition‚ 25‚ 1–9. Blass‚ T. (1991). Understanding behavior in the Milgram obedience experiment: The role of personality‚ situations‚ and their interactions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
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person respond the same way over time Determination of Attribution Attribution Errors Fundamental Attribution Error The tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate that of internal factors. Self-Serving Bias Occurs when individuals
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situations‚ or a mentally unstable rationale.(“Dictionary”) Throughout history there have always been textbook example of such occurrences; Such as in the Jamestown Colony and the Donner Party. Both were horrific accounts of occurrences due to lack of hindsight and a hint of both ignorance and arrogance. Furthermore they were very preventable. Regardless of that there was still legal measures that had to be taken
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shortcuts−social categorization‚ implicit personality theories. Attribution: Explaining the behavior of others reflects common cognitive biases and explanatory patterns; fundamental attribution error‚ blaming the victim‚ hindsight bias‚ self-serving bias‚ and self-effacing bias. Attitudes: A learned tendency to evaluate an object‚ person‚ or issue in a particular way; can have cognitive‚ emotional‚ and behavioral components; although attitudes typically influence behavior‚ sometimes our behavior
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