Tutorial 2 Q1. Why do most international bonds have high Moody’s or Standard & Poor’s credit ratings? Credit Rating is a social intermediary service to provide credit information and reference for the community. Credit rating is aim to show the size of a credit default risk the rating object‚ rating agencies focus on financial conditions and historical data to give the overall valuation of object. Currently‚ credit rating on the issue of international bonds is the popular investment risk valuation
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Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland Inflation‚ Banking‚ and Economic Growth by John H. Boyd and Bruce Champ B y now‚ everybody knows inflation is bad. Hyperinflations—when inflation rates are extremely high—are the horror stories‚ but few doubt the harmful effects of inflation rates in the teens either. Over the past several decades‚ central banks around the world have been pretty successful at dramatically lowering inflation rates. Can we now stop worrying about inflation? Probably not. There is good
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Causes of Inflation in the Iranian Economy Hamed Armesh*‚ Habibollah Salarzehi**‚ Noor Mohammad Yaghoobi***‚ Alireza Heydari**** It is clear that in the nearly last four decades inflation is one of the important problems of Iranian economy. In this study‚ we determine and analyze the effective factors on inflation in the Islamic Republic of Iran. After briefly reviewing the theoretical background‚ we use econometric method‚ such as the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)‚ to study causes of inflation Iran
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Inflation impacts on many facets of the economy‚ these impacts can be both long and short term. It is generally the case that higher levels of inflation carry more severe consequences thus it is often the aim of government to sustain a low level of inflation. Inflation effects economic growth and certainty‚ wages‚ unemployment‚ international competitiveness‚ exchange and interest rates amongst other things. High inflation can be a major constraint on economic growth and certainty which ultimately
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impacts of inflation. How to curb inflation has been regarded to be the foremost purpose of government economic policies in several countries. It is worth noting that the effective policies that aid in curbing inflation need to center on the fundamental causes of inflation in the country and particularly in this regard the hospitality industry of Australia. Although there has been significant growth and expansion of the Australian industry for the past few years the impacts of inflation to this sector
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Inflation : measurement ‚ causes and consequences Measuring Inflation The main measure of inflation is the consumer prices index (CPI) : a measure of changes in the price representative basket of consumer goods and services . Differs from retail prices index (RPI) in methodology and coverage. - It forms the basis for the inflation target that the government requires the Bank of England’s Monetary Policy Committee to achieve. - It is also the main measure used in the rest of the European
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Money‚ Inflation‚ and Growth in Pakistan ABDUL QAYYUM* This paper attempts to investigate the linkage between the excess money supply growth and inflation in Pakistan and to test the validity of the monetarist stance that inflation is a monetary phenomenon. The results from the correlation analysis indicate that there is a positive association between money growth and inflation. The money supply growth at first-round affects real GDP growth and at the second round it affects inflation in Pakistan
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policies in helping control inflation in the U.K Inflation is the general increase in the price level and results in the value of money falling. The government sets a target rate of inflation of 2%‚ measured by the consumer price index within a band 1% above and 1% below the target. Currently inflation is 2.6% and is inside the target rate even though the U.K economy is in a recession. Even though the monetary policy is used by the Bank of England to control inflation‚ supply side policies could
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| |Material | |[pic][pic]Current Location: Types of Inflation | |[ Top ] : [ Inflation ] : Types of Inflation | |[pic] |Definition | | |Inflation is an increase in the general level of prices over a stated period
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Name: Stephen Adeleye Course: Economics 201 Objective: The effect of inflation on the job market Date: 05 - 05 - 2003 The Effects of inflation on the Job Market In the major industrial countries‚ low unemployment usually creates inflationary pressures. But during the recent economic expansion in the United States‚ prices have held steady despite low unemployment. Inflation is generally defined as an upward directional increase in the average of prices. Most people tend to be concerned about
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