ECONOMIES OF SCALE Economies of scale are basically the increase in efficiency of production as the number of goods being produced in a firm increases. Typically‚ a firm that achieves economies of scale lowers the average cost per unit through increased production since fixed costs are shared over an increased number of goods. Fixed costs are those costs of production that do not change when output changes. There are two types of Economies of Scale: Internal economies External economies Internal
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Economy of scale refers to the benefits of producing on a large scale. When firms and industries increase the scale of their operation there can be advantages which reduce the average (unit) cost of their output. Internal economy of scale is the benefit‚ in the form of lower average costs‚ which a firm can gain from increasing its size. Internal economies of scale arise from the growth of the firm itself. One internal economy of scale can be marketing economies. For food retail industry‚ large
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Assignment 2: The Economy‚ Monetary Policyband Monopolies ECO100: Principles of Economics When evaluating today’s economic status we must take a look at many different factors. Such as interest rates‚ inflation and unemployment. When we look at these factors and compare them to the factors of the recession of 2008 we will see that the economy has gotten better in some aspect and some aspect have gotten worse. To compare now and 2008 we must first take a look at the interest rates. Global-rates
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| | Philippines - The Economy THE PHILIPPINE ECONOMY EXPERIENCED considerable difficulty in the 1980s. Real gross national product (GNP) grew at an annual average of only 1.8 percent‚ less than the 2.5 percent rate of population increase. The US$668 GNP per capita income in 1990 was below the 1978 level‚ and approximately 50 percent of the population lived below the poverty line. The 1988 unemployment rate of 8.3 percent (12.3 percent in urban areas) peaked at 11.4 percent in early 1989‚ and the
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Different social systems are built on different sets of values and perceptions of the world. Political science offers some means of comparison between capitalism and socialism and the various ways‚ in which the two ideologies are applied around the world (for some practical implementations of the two systems of government deviate substantially from their theoretical foundations). History offers insight into societies that have adhered to both ideologies with various degree of success and allows one
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country’s economy since the Spanish era‚ including their management of the economy. In the days wherein the Philippines was under the Spanish Republic the country was at a good spot in Asia. Manila and Cebu were the only European cities; we were one of the best countries in Asia when it comes to trading domestically and internationally. Before‚ we were always trading with mexico sharing our culture to them and them sharing there culture to us. The country was at a good spot but as the Americans said the
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Sydney Bouma Econ 2103 Free to Choose Socialism and capitalism are two opposing schools of thought when dealing with the economy. Each plays a role‚ but different ones. For example capitalism operates as a system of checks and balances through voluntary exchange‚ while socialism allows the government to hold the power and to choose that what is right for one is essentially right for all. In the book “Free to Choose” authors Milton and Rose Friedman discuss these two opposing views in depth and
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The world economy - a multi-level‚ the global economic system‚ combining the national economies of the world on the basis of the international division of labor through a system of international economic relation. There are global problems such as: - Preventing the threat of another world war‚ - Overcoming the ecological crisis and its effects‚ - Narrowing the gap in economic development between developed Western countries and developing countries of the "third world" . - Stabilization of the
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Introduction to India & Indian Economy: India is the seventh largest country by area‚ the second-most populous country with a population of over 1‚241‚491‚960 people. India is surrounded by three-water bodies namely Indian Ocean on the south‚ the Arabian Sea on the west‚ and the Bay of Bengal on the east. India shares its border with 7 countries namely Pakistan‚ China‚ Nepal‚ Bhutan Afghanistan‚ Burma and Bangladesh. India is a democratic country and is governed under a parliamentary system consisting
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ECONOMIES OF SCALE When a firm moves from small scale to large scale production‚ the average cost of production of each unit falls. The reasons for which this happens are known as economies of scale – they are the benefits which result in the cost savings of large scale operations which come about when a firm expands. In other words‚ economies of scale are advantages reaped by firms engaging in large scale production. There are two types of economies of scale. They are: * Internal economies
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