Operant Conditioning Paper Christina Ewing PSY/390 January 21‚ 2012 Esther Siler Colbert Operant Conditioning Paper The theory of operant conditioning was thought of by B.F. Skinner. Skinner came up with this theory based on the work of Thorndike (1905). The theory of operant conditioning states that organisms learn to act or behave in a way which obtains or gets a reward yet avoids a punishment. It is an instrumental type of conditioning. Type R conditioning is also
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Classical conditioning is a type of learning in which a potent stimulus obtains the ability to evoke an innate response that was originally elicited by a neutral stimulus. In classical conditioning‚ a UR is an event that occurs naturally in response to some stimuli. On the other hand‚ a UR is the stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a response without learning. A CS in classical conditioning is an originally neutral stimulus that‚ through learning‚ comes to be associated with some unlearned
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Classical Conditioning My Experience with Classical Conditioning Though it may be difficult to believe‚ I had never tasted a sip of alcohol until my freshman year of college. A combination of dedication to my sport‚ track and field‚ fear of my father¡¦s reprisal‚ and dreams of getting a scholarship kept me from indulging in the normal temptations that teenagers succumb to during my high school years. But being on my own in college and having secured a scholarship‚ allowed me to give way to
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didn’t know. Their history‚ inventions‚ and events that happened are very fascinating. Canada is known as the second biggest country after Russia and neighbors the United States. It is known as the world’s most populated country. The two most common languages are English in French. The country’s capital is Ottawa which is the fourth largest city in Canada. The largest city is Toronto. Canada has a lot of interesting history and figures. Canada also has many great inventions. A few of the creations are
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Up‚ Up‚ and Away - The Invention of the Airplane The airplane is not only one of the greatest inventions in the 20th century‚ but also the most wonderful scientific creation of the human history at large. Flying higher and higher‚ floating deep into the air like birds‚ and moving from one place to the other within a jiffy in order to mitigate the distances had always been one of the most astounding dreams of human beings since the beginning of time. Several experiments had been conducted time and
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Classical Conditioning Process For most of the world the words “classical conditioning” produce one common name‚ Ivan Pavlov. According to Harris (2006)‚ “Pavlovian conditioning has come to be viewed as the cardinal example of associative learning—the process by which an organ- ism represents the correlations between the events it experience” (p. 584). Associative learning is a simple name of classical learning‚ which further implies the association of stimuli to engage in learning or conditioning
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Operant conditioning as proposed by Skinner (1954) is a science of behavior based on the premise that an individual will mostly learn when he experienced changes in his environment (cited in Jablonsky & Devries‚ 1972). In 1911‚ Thorndike had proposed the law of effect which became the basis for Skinner’s operant conditioning theory. The law of effect‚ implied that “a behavior producing a favorable or satisfying outcome is more likely to reoccur‚ while a behavior producing an unfavorable or discomforting
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ssical condir=tioningu03d1 Classical Conditioning and Ethics What can classical conditioning theory teach us about both developing and alleviating fears and phobias? Our textbook describes phobia as being "an excessive and intense fear‚ usually of a specific object or situation‚..." (Terry‚ pg.77‚ 2009). The classical conditioning theory teaches us several different aspects about phobias; including how phobias develop and how to treat phobias‚ thus‚ alleviating fears altogether. Many behaviorists
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Man’s Greatest Invention Man’s greatest inventions will be the topic of this journal. Although‚ inventions may or may not come in a man-made object but it does come from the work of man’s intelligence and determination to survive in this world as described in Maslow’s “Hierarchy of Needs”. This paper will express the source and significance of the Fertile Crescent to man’s greatest intellectual inventions‚ and explain why certain countries prosper and other countries were unable to develop during
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Classical Conditioning Over the last 100 years classical conditioning evolved from a simple transfer of one stimuli to another to more complex studies of conditioning. Researchers still use classical conditioning today as a method used to study associative learning (Terry‚ 2009). Classical conditioning has several levels: Behaviorally - is learning of a new response‚ cognitively - is to gain knowledge between the stimuli’s relationships‚ and neutrally - is the synaptic changes that motivate
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