During the preparation of the 0.100M Tris buffer‚ the calculated amount of ingredients brought the solution to a pH of 7.0‚ but the desired pH was 7.50. Discrepancies between the theoretically calculated amounts and the actual measured amounts of ingredients are likely to be the biggest source of error. Dilution affected our 0.0100M Tris buffer by decreasing its pH. The buffer was originally set to a pH of 7.48‚ but the pH gradually moved down by a pH unit of about 0.1 after each dilution. This is
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ABSTRACT Denim and its various items like pants‚ shirts‚ jackets‚ belts‚ caps‚ etc‚ are the most preferred clothing for today’s youth. This study discusses compositions and methods of reducing or preventing back staining of indigo dyes on the weft yarn and pocket of denim garments. The dye‚ as it is removed from the denim material‚ post treatment with cellulase or by a conventional washing process may cause ‘back staining’ or ‘redeposition’ on the denim material; e.g : re-coloration of blue
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Solids 1. Order the intermolecular forces (dipole-dipole‚ London dispersion‚ ionic‚ and hydrogen-bonding) from weakest to strongest . a) dipole-dipole‚ London dispersion‚ ionic‚ and hydrogen-bonding b) London dispersion‚ dipole-dipole‚ hydrogen-bonding‚ and ionic c) hydrogen-bonding‚ dipole-dipole‚ London dispersion‚ and ionic d) dipole-dipole‚ ionic‚ London dispersion‚ and hydrogen-bonding e) London dispersion‚ ionic‚ dipole-dipole‚ and hydrogen-bonding Ans: b 2. Hydrogen bonds account for which
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lower pH‚ it was slightly positively charged. As a result‚ it did not elute immediately. With increasing pH and ionic strength‚ it did not bind the negative resin anymore and eluted. This occurred at fraction numbers 7 and 8. Last to elute was histidine. Histidine was positive at the initial pH. As a result‚ it was bound to the negative resin and only eluted with increasing pH and ionic strength. This was evident at fraction number 12. When comparing these experimental observations to observations
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Effect: extent to which elecs in inner orbits affect bonding of valence elecs * Atomic radius: size o atom (picometrs) (increases down cuz more levels outweigh nuc charge‚ increases to the left cuz of less nuc charge for same number of lvls) * Ionic Radius: radius as an atom becomes an ion (decreases since an element has one fewer energy level as it becomes a positive ion loses electrons) *increases downwards cuz more energy lvls to begin with even after losing‚ *increases to theleft cuz of less
Free Atom Chemical bond VSEPR theory
Greek and Roman Influence has developed over thousands of years and with time many of us today never realize how much of that past lives today. Greek architecture is one of the most evident and visible influences. Greek architecture consists of Doric‚ Ionic or Corinthian styles or orders (Scranton‚ 2010). Most of what we know about Greek architecture comes from the decrepit shell of temples and buildings from the Hellenistic and Roman periods. The Doric style (a more simple style) is sturdy and unadorned
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Unit 1 Key Questions Lesson 1 1. One argument against continuing research on the atom is that the cost continues to increase at an alarming rate‚ and the benefits seem to be declining. Whereas quantum chemistry experiments as early as 80 years ago were very cheap and yielded considerable practical results‚ now very few if any practical results are emerging‚ but the costs of experiments continues to increase. On the other hand
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PREPARATION OF DETERGENTS CONTENTS Introduction 1. Classification of synthetic detergents * Anionic Detergents * Neutral or non-ionic detergents * Cationic Detergents * Bile Salts - Intestinal Natural Detergents * Amphoteric Detergents * Amphoterics 2. Key Concepts 3. Raw Materials 4. The Manufacturing Process * Introduction * End Products * The Blender Process * The Agglomeration Process * The Slurry Method * Liquid Detergent * Quality
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experimental aim and describe the term “hyperchromic effect”. (2 mark) The experimental aims are to study the basic structural characteristic of DNA molecules through UV spectrum and thermal denaturation and to understand how pH and ionic strength affect the stability of DNA which lead to the shift of melting temperature Tm. Hyerchromic effect is the increase of absorbance at 260nm during the double strand DNA is unwounded into two single strands DNA during denature. Q2. Construct
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as temperature increases. (gases are less soluble in warm water than in cold water). Pressure * The solubility of gases in liquids increases as pressure increases (gases dissolve more in liquids at higher pressure). Type of solvent * ionic materials dissolve in water (to form aqueous solutions) * covalent materials dissolve in covalent liquids (to form non-aqueous solutions) Solubility The maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a specific
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