effective‚ its functions and whether the concept cab be found in the Indian Constitution. Further‚ a critical analysis has been drawn to come to a viable opinion with regard to the theory. The validity of norm is ascertained with reference to its authorizing norm‚ which confers a power to create it and may specify conditions for its existence. This paper shows the application of kelson’s theory of grundnorm in the Indian Constitution in various cases like kesavananda bharti case‚ Indra Gandhi v/s Raj Narain
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The constitution defines our national goals of democracy‚ socialism and secularism‚ guarantees equality‚ liberty‚ justice‚ etc.‚ to the citizens. It confers on us our fundamental rights and duties and also contains the directive principles for the government. It tells us about the intensions of our great leaders who drafted and gave us our Constitution. The farming of our constitution Indians had been demanding complete independence since 1929. Eventually‚ in 1945‚ Mr. Clement Atlee‚ who was sympathetic
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D.B.Q. 4: Ratifying the Constitution The Constitution of the United States was written in 1787‚ yet there was a struggle for its ratification that went on until 1790. Members of Congress believed that the Articles of Confederation‚ the first government of the United States‚ needed to be altered while others did not want change. After the Revolutionary War‚ the people did not want a strong central government‚ because it reminded them too much of what they were trying to escape. Under the Articles
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Framers of the U.S. Constitution On July 4‚ 1776 the Declaration of Independence was signed. The thirteen colonies were no longer under King George III rule. It was a new world that needed a new type of leadership. On July 12‚ 1776 the Second Congress proposed the Articles of Confederation. The articles were ratified by all thirteen states on March 1‚ 1781. Under the Articles of Confederation each state had its own sovereignty. And the central government was to provide thing such as
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to the Constitution. Which document did a better job of protecting liberties? Running a government? Explain your answer with specific examples. The Articles of Confederation and the Constitution are only six years apart in history. Knowing this you would think that they have very few differences but it is the complete opposite. As soon as the Articles of Confederation were ratified‚ it got everyone thinking about how to create a good system of government. That is where the Constitution came
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of the other nor make laws that the other has rights over. election. - Also the Australian Constitution does not say that a politician’s term has to be fixed like an American politician’s does. For instance the President will without a doubt serve a full four years baring impeachment or assignation‚ but in Australia Governor-General or Prime Minister can be kicked out at anytime - The U.S. Constitution clearly describes the separation of powers. The members of the executive branch cannot sit in
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Upon the opening words of the Constitution‚ "We the People do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America‚" one must ask‚ who are these people? While the American Constitution provided its citizens with individual rights‚ many members were excluded. Elite framers manipulated the idea of a constitution in order to protect their economic interests and the interests of their fellow white land and slave owning men ’ by restricting the voices of women‚ slaves‚ indentured servants
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of Confederation which the state government had the most power making the national government very weak. The Founding Fathers knew this system was very weak and they wanted to do another system‚ called the Constitution who‚ at the end‚ made the national a very strong government. The Constitution divided powers by: the national and state governments. The national government is the political organization that is in place to maintain control in a nation. Some ideas that national
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Graded Assignment To Ratify or Not to Ratify (16 points) 1. According to Article VII‚ the Constitution would go into effect when nine states ratified it. A fierce debate raged for months between the Federalists‚ who supported the Constitution‚ and the Anti-Federalists‚ who opposed it. What arguments did each group present? Fill in the chart below with a brief description of the main arguments. Federalist arguments Anti-Federalists arguments The debate reached meeting halls‚ homes‚ and
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Preamble to the Constitution The succinct‚ memorable‚ and iconic legal document‚ the Preamble to the Constitution‚ is a true testament to the American style of writing and is an instantly recognizable piece of literature when the first three words are heard. The document‚ written by many members of early American politics such as Gouverneur Morris‚ a founding father‚ an American statesman‚ and an acclaimed diplomat and senator‚ aided heavily on the considerable impact the Constitution had on not just
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