Preparation of Esters Introduction Esters are known for their pleasant smells such as perfumes and artificial flavorings in contained labs. They are formed when a carboxylic acid reacts with alcohol and a strong acid such as a catalyst called sulfuric acid (H2SO4) for this lab. The structural formula for esters can be represented as R-COO-R’. The R and R’ symbolizes different alkyl groups that can be combined to the ester. When naming an ester the first part comes from the alcohol followed
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Nor Amirah Farhana Nawawi‚ Mia Organic Chemistry Lab Report 2 Jessica Sammons TITLE: Preparation of 2-butanone INTRODUCTION: The goal of this experiment was to prepare 2-butanone from 2-butanol. Chromic acid was used in this experiment to in order to prepare 2-butanol. Cr (VI) is rather orange‚ but Cr (III) is dark green - therefore by oxidizing the alcohol (2-butanol)‚ an orange Cr (IV) is reduced to green. NMR and IR tests were taken to determine the result‚ and the crystallized derivative of
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A process for the preparation of racemic phenylethylamine which comprises contacting an optical antipode therefore‚ e.g.‚ L(-) or D(+)-1-phenylethylamine with sodium amide or sodium hydride. Claim: What is claimed is: 1. A process for preparing racemic 1-phenylethylamine which comprises contacting L(-)-1-phenylethylamine or D(+)-1-phenylethylamine with 0.01 to 1 weight percent‚ based on theamount of said phenylethylamine‚ of sodium amide or sodium hydride at a temperature of 70.degree. to 150
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Experiment 3 Preparation of 2‚ 4-Dinitrodiphenylamine Courtney Elahee Claim: The evidence will show that the red solid collected after recrystallization from the nucleophilic aromatic substitution of 2‚ 4-dinitrobromobenzene and aniline has the characteristics of 2‚ 4-dinitrodiphenylamine. Evidence: The procedure was carried out as described by Ault1 and the lab manual2. 2‚4-dinitrobromobenzene (0.92g‚ 3.75mmol‚ pale yellow solid) and aniline (0.7mL‚ 0.7g‚ 7.5 mmol) were boiled in ethanol (10mL)
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Preparation of the NaOH Solution Mass of NaOH before standing = NaOH before standing (g) – beaker (g) = 111.490 g – 110.970 g = 0.520 g Mass of NaOH after standing = NaOH after standing (g) – beaker (g) = 111.500 g – 110.970 g = 0.530 g Standardization of the NaOH solution TRIAL I Volume of NaOH solution = Final reading of buret - Initial reading of buret = 13.80 mL – 0.00 mL = 13.80 mL Converting the Volume (mL) to Volume (L) Volume (liters) = Volume (mL) x
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METHODS OF FOOD PREPARATION Because guests often ask how food on the menu is prepared‚ you should know the more common preparation methods‚ as follows: • Baked Cooked by dry‚ continuous heat in an oven • Boiled Cooked in liquid at the boiling temperature of 100°C ( 212°F) at sea level‚ so that bubbles rise to the surface and break • Braised Browned in a small amount of fat and then cooked slowly in a little liquid in a covered pan • Broiled Cooked by direct heat‚ either under the source of heat‚
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Choosing what college is a big decision. Belike for the first time in your life‚ we are going to have a chance to determine where we are going to spend four or more years of our life. So we do not make the mistake and wait until the last minute to prepare for college. We should do preparation at first year of high school. Literally‚ the moment we need to decide that we are going to take our education to the next level is the time that we should start getting ready for it. We should seriously
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Budget Cycle and it’s Preparation Government budget cycle is the time frame that it takes the annual government budget to be prepared‚ presented‚ enacted‚ into law‚ and implemented. In general‚ the budget cycle starts twenty months before the beginning of the fiscal year for which funding is requested‚ and runs all the way through until the fiscal year comes to an end. A budget cycle is the process of making a budget from the beginning to the end. This cycle involves; the formulation of the
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A) 3’ UCA 5’. B) 3’ UGA 5’. C) 5’ TCA 3’. D) 3’ ACU 5’. E) either UCA or TCA‚ depending on wobble in the first base. a 6) The genetic code is essentially the same for all organisms. From this‚ one can logically assume which of the following? A) A gene from an organism can theoretically be expressed by any other organism. B) All organisms have experienced convergent evolution. C) DNA was the first genetic material. D) The same codons in different organisms translate into the different amino acids. E)
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Experiment 2 Date: 24 January 2006 Title : Crystallization of a Crude Sample Objective : Preparation of pure diphenyl via crystallization of crude diphenyl dissolved in ethanol. Structural Formula of Organic Substances Involved : Diphenyl Ethanol Apparatus : Round-bottom flask (100 mL)‚ measuring cylinder (50 mL)‚ conical flask (50 mL)‚ filter flask‚ beaker (100 mL)‚ stemless glass funnel‚ Hirsch funnel‚ capillary tube‚ long glass tube‚ watch glass‚ glass vial‚ water condenser
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