EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Pakistan Railways (reporting mark PR) is a national state-owned rail transport service of Pakistan‚ head-quartered in Lahore. It is administered by the federal government under the Ministry of Railways. PR provides an important mode of transportation throughout Pakistan. It is commonly referred to as the "life line of the country"‚ by aiding in large-scale movement of people and freight throughout Pakistan.Pakistan Railways (PR) is the state owned railway company of Pakistan. It is
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EARLY RAILWAYS. Modern transportation of passengers and goods could not be imagined without trains‚ transport devices that revolutionized our industry‚ human expansion‚ and the way we can move from one place to another. It all began in over 2000 years ago in ancient civilizations of Egypt‚ Babylon and Greece. Transport of people and goods in those time was done with carts that were pulled by animals (horses or bulls) Their engineers quickly noticed that animals will spend much less
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composition on railway lines 1. a) Describe the factors which decide the broad area of Scientific activity? (5) b) Discuss briefly the scientific and technical achievements of the Bronze age (5) 2. a) Explain the factors that led to the decline of Science in Europe during iron age. (5) b) What were the main features of the social organization in the Gupta Empire that led to a great improvement
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Design of bridges Syllabus • IRC Code • Types of bridges and their components • Basic concepts of bridge design • Design of slab bridge • Design of T-beam bridge (Courbon’s method) IRC Code • IRC – Indian Roads Congress • Three categories of Live loads • Types of vehicles • Placement of vehicles • Description of three category loadings • Permissible stresses and design coeff. Categories of Live loads as per IRC a. IRC Class AA loading i. For bridges subjected to very heavy loading
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GANDHIDHAM AREA- THE RISING SUN IN WESTERN HORIZON The development of rail in Gandhidham area starts from pages of history since 1902. In Kutch State 15 miles railway line was laid between Anjar-Tuna in this year and in 1905 railway line between Anjar and Bhuj for a distance of 25 miles was introduced. Maharao of Kutch has visualized the importance of Raiways and connectivity of important harbours of this area. The Kutch State was always remained entry gate for the traders coming from Gulf and
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INTRODUCTION TO INDIAN RAILWAYS Indian Railways‚ a historical legacy‚ are a vital force in our economy. The first railway on Indian sub-continent ran from Bombay to Thane on 16th April 1853. Fourteen railway carriages carried about 400 guests from Bombay to Thane covering a distance of 21 miles (34 Kilometers). Since then there has been no looking back. Today‚ it covers 6‚909 stations over a total route length of more than 63‚028 kilometres. The track kilometers in broad gauge (1676 mm) are 86‚
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Introduction Railways are of great use to us. They were introduced into India by the English. Description There is an engine at the head of the train. Behind it there are several carriages. The engine and the carriage together are called a train. The train runs over a pair of steel rails. The rails are parallel to each other. They are placed on thick planks of wood. The planks ar called ’sleepers’. There are three classes of railway lines. The widest is called the Broad Gauge‚ the second is the
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Introduction: Indian Railways is the nationalized railway company of India which owns and operates most of the country’s rail transport. It is the world’s second largest employer behind Chinese army; has one of the largest and busiest rail networks in the world‚ an extensive network‚ which is spread over 60000 Route Kilometre‚ of which approximately 30 per cent is electrified. The Indian Railways have played an integrating role in the social and economic development of the country ‚ transporting
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Introduction Railways had a big impact in Britain bringing economic and social benefits. People were able to travel greater distances to work or go on holidays for the first time‚ as trains were a cheap and fast way to travel. Manufactures and farmers could sell their goods all over the country and railways created many different jobs. Speed of travel The development of trains effected the owners of coach and canal services badly for them the problem was that the railways were cheaper and a
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rChap 1: The Beginning of things The Railway Children Answer the following questions 1. What did Peter get as his birthday present? 2. How did Father treat the children? 3. What was Father doing when the two gentlemen arrived? 4. Who left their family after their father went away? 5. What did Mother make the children promise to her? 6. Where did the three children and their mother move to after leaving London? 7. What did the children bring along
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