They receive signals from other neurons or stimuli and process them. The incoming signal can be excitatory‚ meaning that it will generate an electrical impulse‚ or inhibitory‚ meaning that it will prevent the neuron from firing an electrical impulse. A neuron receives thousands of input signals from its dendrites‚ but whether the neuron is excited enough to the point it will generate an electrical impulse depends on the sum of the inhibitory and excitatory signals. The resting potential
Premium Endocrine system Endocrine gland Hypothalamus
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nervous_system Nervous system From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia The nervous system is an organ system containing a network of specialized cells called neurons that coordinate the actions of an animal and transmit signals between different parts of its body. In most animals the nervous system consists of two parts‚ central and peripheral. The central nervous system of vertebrates (such as humans) contains the brain‚ spinal cord‚ and retina. The peripheral nervous system
Premium Nervous system Brain Central nervous system
Chapter 14: Signal Transduction Mechanisms: Messengers and Receptors Signal Transduction Mechanisms: II. Messengers and Receptors In the second major means of intercellular communication the signal is transmitted by regulatory chemical messengers Receptors are located on receiving cells that can be quite distant from the secreting cell Chemical Signals and Cellular Receptors Cells produce signals‚ in some cases by displaying molecules on their surfaces or by releasing a chemical signal Multicellular
Premium Signal transduction
memory‚ transmitting sensory data through thalamus Receptors and Neurons Receptors are cells that convert stimulus energy into electrical signals conversion of one medium to another is called transduction They first convert stimulus energy into graded changes in membrane potential For instance‚ it may fire APs or release neurotransmitters Each receptor has an adequate stimulus the form of stimulus that it is most responsive to Receptors can be classified according to their adequate stimuli:
Premium Sensory system Nervous system Signal transduction
AP Biology Study Guide Chapter 11 1. Categorize chemical signals in terms of the proximity of the communicating cells. Local signaling – a. Paracrine signaling – a secreting cell acts on nearby target cells by discharging molecules of a local regulator (a growth factor‚ for example) into the extracellular fluid. b. Synaptic signaling – a nerve cell releases neurotransmitter molecules into a synapse‚ stimulating the target cell. Long distance signaling- c. Hormonal signaling – specialized
Premium Signal transduction
except digestion. The parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) generally slows down everything but digestion. Signals from the SNS cause the heart rate to _rise___‚ while signals from the PNS cause the heart rate to _slow____. Signals from the SNS cause smooth muscles of the intestine to _excite_ contractions‚ while signals from the PNS cause these muscles to slow__ contractions. Signals from the SNS also cause the adrenal gland to secrete__ epinephrine and norepinephrine. 3. Neurons can excite
Premium Action potential Neuron
types of receptor ending mediate the detection of these sensations? Answer: Nociceptors‚ thermoreceptors E. Leprosy infects the body via the skin typically in the cooler regions of the body. Based on this information‚ would you expect Sannu’s interceptors to be affected? Answer: yes F. Sannu describes pain in his leg. What receptors mediate sensations of pain? What type of pain is Sannu’s “burning” pain‚ fast or slow? Answer: Nociceptors‚ slow pain G. What type of peripheral receptors would be
Premium
motor reaction to an input signal. The monosynaptic myotatic stretch reflex is the most crucial reflex for the maintenance of the erect body posture in humans. For the well-known knee-jerk response‚ there is latency of around 30 ms between striking (stretching) the tendon of the quadriceps and the muscle contraction. The reflex involves a number of segments in the SC. Factors that contribute to this latency in the reflex arc are: 1- Speed of transduction at the sensory receptor. This is most rapid
Premium Muscle Nervous system Muscular system
Neuro notes for test 2! Cell membranes are composed of a lipid bilayer. It has different receptors that allow different ions to pass‚ depending on the conditions in the cell. Leak channels- always open allow ions to flow back and fourth across the cell membrane Na cl ‚K and Ca ions and they just flow back and fourth without any gate keeper or obstruction‚ When the neuron is at rest its cytoplasm is Negatively charged. That means that it is not going under depolarization‚ we use the term resting
Premium Action potential Neuron
when inflamed‚ since it is innervated by numerous somatic nerves that have somatic pain receptors. Between the two layers‚ there is a space called pleural space that has a thin layer of fluid‚ and its function is to lubricate the pleural surfaces when breathing. When the surfaces become roughened and inflamed because of pus-filled pleura‚ nociceptive receptors in the parietal pleura are stimulated and activated
Premium Pain Nervous system Immune system