vitamins and minerals as a biological catalyst‚ which lowers the activation energy for a reaction to occur. Each individual type of enzyme does a specific job‚ and they do not die‚ they are reused. For example‚ catalase is an enzyme found in almost all living cells that will break down hydrogen peroxide and turn it into water and oxygen. The breakdown of Hydrogen peroxide happens when it gets released from metabolism‚ and Materials: Yeast Solution 4 Test tubes Graduated cylinder 1 Bottle of Hydrogen
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ionic‚ polar or covalent will dissolve in it‚ therefore more reactions take place while in solution with water. Often in organisms substances must be in solution and water is the solvent. Plants can only obtain mineral salts in solution and human digestion will only dissolve soluble foods‚ meaning large starch molecules must be broken down into soluble sugars. Also many organisms living in water spend most of their time underwater‚ yet they require oxygen to respire‚ and as water is such a good solvent
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Filtration is commonly the mechanical or physical operation which is used for the separation of solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing a medium through which only the fluid can pass. Oversize solids in the fluid are retained‚ but the separation is not complete; solids will be contaminated with some fluid and filtrate will contain fine particles (depending on the pore size and filter thickness). Filtration is also used to describe some biological processes‚ especially in water treatment and sewage
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The Process of Osmosis and its Importance to Living Organisms. Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane that does not allow dissolved solids (solutes) to pass. Osmosis refers only to diffusion of water and the direction of movement is from the area of higher concentration to the area of lower concentration. This migration of water from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration is spontaneous and although water molecules move in both directions
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Amongst many problems that living organisms face‚ one of the biggest is the change in the temperature of the environment. Why is this a major problem for living organisms? A change in the temperature of the environment disrupts many of the body’s enzymes and regulatory proteins‚ changing their shape and perturbing their function. However‚ organisms have taken two different approaches to tackling this problem we call this organisms endotherms and ectotherms but in this essay‚ we will talk about an
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The importance of carbohydrates in living organisms Carbohydrates contain carbon‚ hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio of 1.2.1.. There are many different types of carbohydrate‚ all of which are useful to living organisms. The most important carbohydrate is probable glucose. Glucose is a monosaccharide and is the monomer unit which makes up more complex polysaccharides. Two glucose molecules can be joined in a condensation reaction‚ whereby water is removed‚ for example to produce maltose‚ a disaccharide
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2.1 Identify the differences between bacteria‚ viruses‚ fungi and parasites. Bacteria – bacteria are extremely small singular organisms which are found almost everywhere. Viruses – it is a coated genetic material that invades cells and use’s the cells apparatus for reproduction. Fungi – it is a multi-celled living organism Parasites – they are types of living plants and animals that derive benefit from the metabolism of other animals and plants. 2.2 Identify common illnesses and
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Cells‚ Tissues and Organs of the Digestive System Living organisms all have various functioning systems within the body that enable life processes to be carried out. Each system uses different organs that coordinate with each other to carry out their functions‚ and these systems‚ organs and functions are shown below: Functioning System Related Organs Function Circulatory Heart‚ Arteries‚ Veins Transports blood through the body Digestive Mouth‚ Tongue‚ Pharynx‚ Esophagus‚ Liver‚ Stomach
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The effect of mutations on living organisms Mutations occur when there is a change in the base sequence on the DNA strand. Most mutations have absolutely no effect due to them occurring in the introns‚ or the “junk DNA”. However some mutations occur on the exons‚ and these are the ones that can be potentially harmful to the organism‚ although in some exceptional cases random mutations can be beneficial‚ and pressured mutations are almost always beneficial to the survival of a species. Harmful
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Effect of ions on living organisms (24 marks) An ion is a charged atom or molecule. This is because it does not have an equal amount of protons and electrons‚ therefore giving the atom an overall charge. An example of an ion is ‚ this is sodium and the plus sign represents an overall positive charge. Ions are very important to living organisms as they are essential for life‚ they play an important role within the cell allowing mechanisms within the living organisms such as respiration‚ to take
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