! ! ! ! ! ! ! Determining the solubility of Sodium hydroxide ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Yunha Kim! Gyeonggi Suwon International School ! IB DP Chemistry SL! Research Question! How is the solubility of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in water affected by temperature? ! ! Introduction ! Sodium hydroxide is categorised as metal halide salt‚ composed of sodium and chlorine.! The ions present in the solid crystals of potassium chloride dissolve and gain mobility in water
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FACTORS AFFECTING SOLUBILITY There are three main factors that control solubility of a solute. (1) Temperature (2) Nature of solute or solvent (3) Pressure EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE Generally in many cases solubility increases with the rise in temperature and decreases with the fall of temperature but it is not necessary in all cases. However we must follow two behaviours: In endothermic process‚ solubility increases with the increase in temperature and vice versa. For
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predict) which compounds are soluble or insoluble most chemistry texts contain solubility rules and tables. Basic Solubility Rules: A. Nitrates: All nitrate salts are soluble. B. Alkali metals: The salts of lithium‚ sodium‚ potassium‚ rubidium‚ and cesium are generally very soluble. C. Ammonium salts: Almost all ammonium salts are soluble. D. Sulfates: The sulfates of most common elements are soluble‚ except those of calcium‚ strontium‚ barium‚ and lead (II) ions. © 2010 Hands On Labs‚ Inc. LabPaq
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Calcium is one of the most abundant element in the earth’s crust at number 5. Calcium has a very high chemical reactivity so it is never found as an uncombined state in nature. It is a silvery-white metal and it is in the alkaline earth family. Calcium is needed for blood clotting and controlling cell responses in nerves and muscles.Ninety-nine percent of the calcium in the human body is in our bones and teeth. Bone tissues are renewing themselves constantly and to do that they have to build new
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Solubility Rules Chart Negative Ions (Anions) + Positive Ions (Cations) = Solubility of Compounds in water Example any anion + Alkali Ions (Li+‚ Na+‚ K+‚ Rb+‚ Cs+‚ Fr+) = soluble Sodium fluoride‚ NaF‚ is soluble any anion + hydrogen ion [H+ (aq)] = soluble hydrogen chloride‚ HCl‚ is soluble any anion + ammonium ion (NH4) = soluble ammonium chloride‚ NH4Cl‚ is soluble nitrate NO3- + any cation = soluble potassium nitrate‚ KNO3‚ is soluble acetate (CH3COO-) + any cation (except
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Experiment 1: Study of Solubility Equilibrium Data Treatment and Analysis Section 1: Solubility Product Constant Temperature (˚C) | Volume of NaOH used (mL) | | | | Titration 1 | Titration 2 | Average | 28 | 12.7 | 12.8 | 12.75 | 9 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 19 | 11.3 | 11.2 | 11.25 | 40 | 16.2 | 16.2 | 16.2 | 50 | 22.8 | 22.9 | 22.85 | Table 1: The volume of NaOH used in the titration at various temperatures. No. of moles of KHC4H4O6 = 1.45 g ÷ 188.177g/mol = 7.71 x 10-3mol
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Introduction: Solubility equilibrium refers to the dissolution of a compound in water. Specifically‚ the degree to which a compound is soluble (Tro‚ 739). This can be measured using the expression Ksp = [Mb+]a[Xa-]b‚ in which Ksp represents the solubility product constant (Thorne‚ 90). This constant is important because it does not change at a given temperature‚ regardless of the solution a compound is in; a smaller constant would indicate lower overall solubility. It is important to note that
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 INTRODUCTION Calcium is the largest mineral in the human body‚ where it plays an important role in absorption and the releasing of calcium in the body is through the intestinal and kidney. The calcium in the body is controlled by hormones and vitamins (Takano et al). The three major components that involve in the controller the calcium is parathyroid hormone (PTH)‚ calcitonin and Vitamin D. The consistent the calcium in the body from despite variation in-take and excretion
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RECRYSTALLIZATION OF ACETANILIDE ABSTRACT Recrystallization is the primary method for purifying solid organic compounds through the differences in solubility at different temperatures. In this experiment‚ a suitable solvent was first determined. Acetanilide was produced by acetylation of aniline with acetic anhydride. The crude acetanilide was dissolved in a solvent in a heating water bath. The hot solution was filtered and the filtrate‚ cooled slowly in an ice bath as crystals started forming
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laboratory is to calculate the solubility of a substance under a variety of temperatures and construct a solubility curve based on experimental data to see the effect of temperature on solubility. Data collection and quantitative observation VOLUME H2O/ml/±0.05 TEMPERATURE/°C/±0.1 5.00 71.3 6.00 59.3 7.00 52.4 8.00 47.2 9.00 41.8 Mass of NaCl: 3.0±0.05 g Data Processing To calculate the solubility‚ we need to use the formula: Solving for x‚ the solubility of salt‚ we get the formula:
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