BILIRUBIN FORMATION AND EXCRETION Bilirubin‚ the principal pigment in bile‚ is derived from the breakdown of hemoglobin when aged red blood cells are phagocytized by the reticuloendothelial system‚ primarily in the spleen‚ liver and bone marrow. About 80% of bilirubin formed daily comes from the degradation of hemoglobin. The remainder comes from destruction of heme-containing proteins and catabolism of heme. When hemoglobin is destroyed‚ the protein portion‚ globin is reused in the body. The
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The body systems The Musculoskeletal system consists of the bones‚ muscles‚ ligaments and tendons. It provides structural support for the entire body. The musculoskeletal system allows and controls movement. The Cardiovascular system is responsible for transporting and removing gaseous waste from the body. The cardiovascular system is made up of your heart‚ blood vessels (arteries‚ veins‚ capillaries) and blood. The four major functions of the cardiovascular system are: To transport nutrients‚
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Upper airway obstruction condition in which sites of anatomic narrowing such as the hypo pharynx at the base of the tongue and the false and true vocal cords at the laryngeal opening are obstructed. Vasogenic edema an accumulation of fluid in the cerebrum that is typically caused by an increase in capillary endothelial cell permeability and usually occurs near a tumor. Ventilation-perfusion ratio (V/Q) the relationship between ventilation and blood flow in the lung that is measure by calculating
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JIAFM‚ 2004; 26(3). ISSN 0971-0973 WEIGHTS OF HUMAN ORGANS AT AUTOPSY IN CHANDIGARH ZONE OF NORTH-WEST INDIA Dr. Dalbir Singh‚ Additional Professor & Head‚ Dr. Y.S.Bansal‚ Assistant Professor‚ Dr. Sreenivas M.‚ Senior Resident‚ Mr. Avadh Naresh Pandey‚ Research Fellow Mrs. Seema Tyagi‚ Junior Technician‚ Department of Forensic Medicine‚ Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research‚ Chandigarh ABSTRACT Mean organ weights in 2025 subjects who died and autopsied at Postgraduate
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Introduction The 14-French (F) pigtail catheters (PCs) are small-caliber catheters that are percutaneously placed at bedside‚ in comparison with the tradition large-caliber (32-40F) chest tubes (CTs) that are placed by an open cut-down technique 1-3. The PC’s roles and its effectiveness in the management of trauma patients with pneumothorax 3 and hemothorax (HTX)/hemopneumothorax (HPTX) 4 have previously been published. It is controversial and many clinicians still question whether or not blood
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Sickle Cell anemia is a group of inherited red blood cell disorders‚ or a collection of recessive genetic disorders characterized by a hemoglobin variant called Hb S. Normal red blood cells are round like doughnuts‚ and they move through small blood tubes in the body to deliver oxygen. Sickle red blood cells become hard‚ sticky and shaped like sickles used to cut wheat. When these hard and pointed red cells go through the small blood tube‚ they clog the flow and break apart. This can cause pain‚
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Least common are the spleen‚ brain‚ nerves‚ heart‚ tear glands‚ salivary glands‚ sinuses‚ bones‚ and joints. This disease rarely affects kidneys‚ breasts‚ and the reproductive organs of males and females. Non-specific symptoms are fever‚ fatigue‚ weight-loss‚ night sweats
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Symptoms typically last two to five days. S. typhimurium causes infection by invading the intestinal mucosa and multiplying in specialized vacuoles and then invading the liver and spleen where it causes systematic disease. S. typhimurium enters the host orally through spoiled or undercooked meat and the incubation period is about 12 to 24 hours. It can also be transmitted through the fecal matter or contaminated water which can easily
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The name of the disease is Elephantiasis. The enlargement of the limbs and other areas of the bodies are caused by obstruction of lymph flow and possibly blood circulation. The blockage can be due to recurrent attacks of a bacterial infection which causes inflammation of the lymphatic vessels. This continues and causes swelling‚ then without medical help the problem gets worse and becomes extremely enlarged. The death of surrounding tissues may also occur from an obstructed blood supply. Elephantiasis
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HIV/AIDS or chemotherapy from cancer. In AIDS patients the infection can lead to abnormal growth of blood vessels that form tumor-like masses‚ called Bacillary angiomatosis. This can cause severe inflammation of multiple organs including the brain‚ spleen‚ liver‚ lungs and bone marrow. If the infection is left untreated it can be fatal in people with HIV/AIDS. In the case that one begins to experience these symptoms they should call their doctor immediately. A full proof way of preventing cats scratch
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