Income-tax Act‚ 1961 | No. | Title | Section - 001 | Short title‚ extent and commencement | | Section - 002 Part A | Definitions [Clause (1) to Clause (15)] - "Advance Tax" to "Charitable Purpose" | | Section - 002 Part B | Definitions [Clause (15A) to Clause (30)] - "Chief Commissioner" to "Non-resident" | | Section - 002 Part C | Definitions [Clause (31) to Clause (48)] - "Person" to "Zero Coupon Bond" | | Section - 003 | Previous year defined | | Section - 004
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data provided by Emmanuel Saez to show that there is a linear relationship between income share and the percentage of children attending college. Thus as income share increases the percentage of children receiving education increases. Children who are from poor families do not have the same advantages as rich families. However‚ Bruce Sacerdote has conflicting data. Sacerdote writes that 33% of variance of family income is due to genetics‚ 11% is due to family environment‚ and 56% are environmental factors
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Permanent Income Hypothesis Introduction The basic idea is that people’s income has a random element to it and also a known element to it and that people try to smooth the random part using saving and borrowing. Hence‚ we need to distinguish between permanent income and transitory income. Example: Suppose that you are working and receive an annual salary of twenty thousand dollar. Suppose that you expect to get that salary every year in the future. Then twenty thousand dollar represents the
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The Classical Theory Of Employment amd output The fundamental principle of the classical theory is that the economy is self-regulating. Classical economists maintain that the economy is always capable of achieving the natural level of real GDP or output‚ which is the level of real GDP that is obtained when the economy’s resources are fully employed. While circumstances arise from time to time that cause the economy to fall below or to exceed the natural level of real GDP‚ self-adjustment mechanisms exist
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financial statements like balance sheet‚ income statement‚ and statement of cash flow and owner’s equity with its advantages and disadvantages of preparing this statement with an example. INTRODUCTION Financial statements provide information of value to company officers and various external parties‚ such as investors and lenders of funds. Publicly owned companies are required to publish general-purpose financial statements that include a balance sheet‚ income statement‚ and statement of cash flows
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Income and Expenditure Approach Ways of Measuring GNP Gross National Product (GNP) is the sum of all the final market values of goods and servicesin a given economy at a given period of time. This is the quantitative summary of all transactions of goods and services transacted within the economy in a year. It measures only legal and registered transaction. Non produced transactions are not included such as second hand sale‚ transfer of payments and buy and sell. Gross domestic product (GDP) is
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Presentation of Comprehensive Income By: Logan Bell October 3‚ 2012 The Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2011-05‚ Comprehensive Income: Presentation of Comprehensive Income was issued to increase the importance of items reported in other comprehensive income. The FASB‚ along with IASB‚ worked jointly to improve and converge the reporting and presentation requirements for items contained in other comprehensive income. At the same time FASB issued ASU 2011-05‚ IASB issued an amendment to IAS
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In this writing Haslett discusses the problem of inheritance undermining the economic theory of capitalism. He acknowledges wide gaps in the distribution of income‚ but introduces even larger gaps in the distribution of wealth as a greater problem. Haslett supports this accusation by proving inheritance conflicts the three most important values of capitalism. He proposes to readjust balances of wealth in America by abolishing inheritances. Inheritances violate capitalistic ideals of distribution
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Circular Flow of Income Model We start our study of macroeconomics Macroeconomics is a part of the subject that considers the economy as a whole. When we study macroeconomics we look at changes in economic growth; inflation; unemployment and our trade performance with other countries (i.e. the balance of payments). The scope of macroeconomics also includes an evaluation of the relative success or failure of government economic policies. by introducing the idea of the circular flow The circular
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Patricia Pupo Professor Matthew Sang PHI 2604 26 November 2014 Income Distribution This essay will discuss if current income distribution has a negative impact in the society because of the inequality that exists. What is income distribution? It is how a national income is split between different groups. Rights theory worries as the name says it‚ about people rights‚ and action is good if it respects the people’s rights. There are two kinds of rights‚ positive and negative. The first one relates
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