skills students were introduced to in the first semester in SCY1100. • To consolidate understanding of basic concepts and theories in the discipline of sociology. • To further develop analytical‚ argumentation and critical skills. Unit Objectives By the end of this semester students are expected to: • Have a basic knowledge of major sociological concepts and theories. • Have acquired an understanding of the sociological perspective. • Have developed the fundamental library research skills
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Assignment 1: Criminal law 1) Elaborate the various theories of punishment in Criminal Law (10m) There are four theories of punishments‚ namely‚ retribution theory‚ deterrent theory‚ and reformation theory. Firstly‚ a kid who falls down and kicks the floor inadvertently. Generally‚ it is believed to be a firm of taking revenge and would not serve only penal purpose. Deterrent theory by punishing the offenders deters the wrongdoer specially and deters the general public also by
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After a time when punishment was based on the idea of an eye for an eye and the supernatural world a new type of thinking came out that focused on rational choice and freewill. Ceasare Baccaria wrote On Crimes and Punishments‚ which focused on punishment as a way of preventing crime versus intervening in someone’s morality. Beccarria and deterrence theory assume that people are not influenced by some higher power but that people make rational choices to commit crime because according to their calculations
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Utilitarianism in the Theory of Punishment – Utilitarian ideology states that it is our duty to whatever will increase the amount of happiness in the world. Applying this ideology to the Theory of Punishment may seem counterintuitive. Taken at face value‚ Utilitarianism is incompatible with punishment‚ because by definition punishment makes people unhappy‚ therefore‚ is immoral under the strict tenants of Utilitarianism. However‚ Utilitarians‚ do see the need for punishment. Punishment restores a victim’s
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The underlying principle of utilitarian theory is it seeks to punish offenders to discourage or deter future unlawful activity. However‚ the retributive theory seeks to punish offenders because they deserve to be punished (Net Industries‚ 2014). The utilitarian theory recognizes that punishment has penalties for both the offender and society. It holds that the total good created by the punishment should go beyond the entirety of evil; meaning punishment should not be unlimited. For example‚ releasing
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When you think of punishment and reward you think of a reaction; but man has come up with theories of why we do the things that we can do. Conditioning and learning is defined as change in behavior‚ which is resulted by different types of practices and experiences. In this report the main topics will be classical conditioning‚ operant conditioning‚ cognitive-social learning‚ and neuroscience and evolution. Every time we do something good or bad the outcome determines our reactions in future situations
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K1 Danielle K Marxist Theory and Crime and Punishment Throughout human history countless philosophers have risen with what they thought to be the best form of government for society as a whole. Karl Marx may be the most influential philosopher in Russian history. According to The Free Dictionary‚ Marxism is the concept that “class struggle plays a central role in understanding society’s allegedly inevitable development from bourgeois oppression under capitalism to a socialist and ultimately classless society”
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Punishment is a response-dependent environmental change that reduces the future probability of a response (Azrin & Holz‚ 1966). Punishment contingencies are frequent in the natural environment (Skinner‚ 1953); however‚ our understanding of punishment contains substantial gaps‚ and basic research on punishment has declined rapidly over the past 40 years (Baron‚ 1991; Lerman & Vorndran‚ 2002). Furthering the understanding punishment as a process would have not only basic and theoretical implications
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to communism. Government officials‚ police‚ and other advocates watched the society closely to ensure complete obedience reminding us of Michael Foucault’s theory of punishment and discipline and Jeremy Bentham’s Panopticon. Analyzing East Germany circa 1984 through Florian von
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Capital Punishment is defined as the legal authorization of killing a person as a punishment of a serious crime. This act has been around since the beginning of civilization‚ and even though the methods of punishment have changed throughout time‚ the idea is still the same. It is a way of punishing someone for a heavy offended crime. In this essay‚ I will discuss both sides of this ethical issue using the consequentialist theory. The C1 theory states that punishment as a response to crime is morally
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