Chapter 11 Flow in Closed Conduits CN2122 / CN2122E Main Topics • • • • Introduction Reynolds’ Experiment Dimensional Analysis of Conduit Flow Friction Factor for Fully Developed Laminar Flow Friction Factor for Fully Developed Turbulent Flow Smooth Pipe Law Rough Pipe Law Different Workers Results Application Energy/ pressure loss problem Velocity/ flow rate problem Pipe Sizing Problem • Explicit Equation for Friction Factor CN2122 / CN2122E Main Topics
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main features of the five-sector circular flow of income model of the Australian economy. Explain how leakages and injections influence the level of economic activity. The five sector circular flow of income model describes the operation of an economy and the linkages between the main sectors in an economy. The model divides the income to five sectors; the individuals‚ Businesses‚ financial institutions‚ governments and international trade and financial flows. The individuals consist of
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DATA FLOW DIAGRAM - one of the most commonly used modeling tool which graphically represents a system as a network of processes‚ linked together through input and output flow lines and entities. Data flow Components ▪ Process - transformation of data flow into outgoing data flow. It may represent . . - whole system - subsystem - activity ▪ Data store - repository of data in the system It may represent . . . - computer file or
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Pher Pher A data flow diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation of the "flow" of data through an information system‚ modeling its process aspects. Often they are a preliminary step used to create an overview of the system which can later be elaborated.[2] DFDs can also be used for the visualization of data processing (structured design). A DFD shows what kinds of data will be input to and output from the system‚ where the data will come from and go to‚ and where the data will be stored. It
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The procedure for producing a data flow diagram • Identify and list external entities providing inputs/receiving outputs from system; • Identify and list inputs from/outputs to external entities; • Draw a context DFD Defines the scope and boundary for the system and project 1. Think of the system as a container (black box) 2. Ignore the inner workings of the container 3. Ask end-users for the events the system must respond to 4. For each event
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FLOW CHART A flowchart is a type of diagram that represents an algorithm or process‚ showing the steps as boxes of various kinds‚ and their order by connecting them with arrows. This diagrammatic representation illustrates a solution to a given problem. Process operations are represented in these boxes‚ and arrows; rather‚ they are implied by the sequencing of operations. Flowcharts are used in analyzing‚ designing‚ documenting or managing a process or program in various fields. Symbol | Name
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3.9.2 Data Flow Diagram (DFD) DFD or Data Flow Diagram is a graphical representation that showing the flow of data of information system. It also shows the structured design of the program to replace the flowchart or pseudo code as program tool. Basically DFD can be divided into four components such as entity or external entity‚ process‚ data store and data flow. DFD start with an overview of the system that needs to be designed. This DFD known as context DFD that contain the entity and the process
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the characteristics of open-channel flow. The types of flow to be determined are rectangular notch and triangular v-notch. Another objective of the experiment is to determine the discharge coefficients for both notches. The experiment for rectangular notch begins with admitting water to the channel. At this point‚ the water flow must be adjusted by using control valve in order to obtain heads (H). Throughout the experiment‚ five different heads are used to determine the flow rate of water. The heads
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Lecture No. 5 CLASSIFICATION OF FLUID FLOW AND THE CONTINUITY EQUATION 5.1 Classification of Fluid Flow Uniform flow If the velocity of the fluid is the same in magnitude and direction at every point in the fluid the flow is said to be uniform. Non-uniform flow A non-uniform flow is one where the velocities at different points at a given instant are not the same. Every fluid that flows near a solid boundary will be non-uniform because the fluid at the boundary takes the velocity of the
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Dated: 12-04-2013 STEPS INVOLVED IN THE SELECTION FLOW METER There are well over 20 different types of flow meters‚ even if we lump the various positive-displacement flow meters together as one type. Unless the process engineer knows the pros and cons of each type‚ it can be a daunting task to properly select one. Here are just some of the factors to consider before selecting a flow meter: • Its size and measuring range of the flow meter • Chemical compatibility • Process accuracy requirements•
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