2013/07/09 Lecture Presentation Chapter 5 Thermochemistry John D. Bookstaver St. Charles Community College Cottleville‚ MO © 2012 Pearson Education‚ Inc. Energy • Energy is the ability to do work or transfer heat. – Energy used to cause an object that has mass to move is called work. – Energy used to cause the temperature of an object to rise is called heat. Thermochemistry © 2012 Pearson Education‚ Inc. 1 2013/07/09 Kinetic Energy Kinetic energy is energy an object possesses
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Index 1.0 Introduction | | | | | | | | 1 | 2.0 Enthalpy Changes | | | | | | | 2‚3 | 2.1 The Standard Conditions For Calculating Enthalpy Changes | | | | 3.0 Hess’s Law | | | | | | | | 4‚5 | 3.1 The Applications of Hess’s Law | | | | | | 4.0 Standard Molar Enthalpy Change of Formation‚ ΔHof | | | | 6‚7 | 4.1 The Stability of A Compound | | | | | | | 4.2 Using ΔHof Values To Predict The Relative
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Hess’ Law of Heat Summation Hess’ Law states that: "The enthalpy change for any reaction depends on the products and reactants and is independent of the pathway or the number of steps between the reactant and product". BASICALLY: Hess’ Law states "the heat evolved or absorbed in a chemical process is the same whether the process takes place in one or in several steps" >This is also known as the "law of constant heat summation". All it means is that no matter how many steps the chemical
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Thermochemistry Lab Purpose: This lab taught procedures for determining heat of capacity of a calorimeter and measuring enthalpy of change for three reactions. It also enforced methods of analyzing data obtained through experimentation and calculating enthalpy. These procedures are used in the branch of thermodynamics known as thermochemistry which is the study of energy changes that accompany chemical reactions. Concepts from this lab can be used to determine the potential energy of a chemical
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Thermochemistry Photo by: Arto Thermochemistry is the study of the heat released or absorbed as a result of chemical reactions. It is a branch of thermodynamics and is utilized by a wide range of scientists and engineers. For example‚ biochemists use thermochemistry to understand bioenergetics‚ whereas chemical engineers apply thermochemistry to design manufacturing plants. Chemical reactions involve the conversion of a set of substances collectively referred to as "reactants"
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by W. Whitten‚ R. Davis‚ R.‚ M. L. Peck‚ and G. Stanley. Chemical Thermodynamics: Heat and Thermochemistry Thermodynamics & Thermochemistry Thermodynamics is the study of heat and its transformations to and from other forms of energy Thermochemistry is a branch of thermodynamics that deals with the heat involved with chemical and physical changes Objectives 1. Define thermodynamics & thermochemistry 2. Define energy‚ heat and other thermodynamic terms 3. Define enthalpy 4. Discuss thermochemical
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3. Thermal energy 4. Chemical energy 5. Potential energy Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions Heat – is the transfer of thermal energy between two bodies that are at different temperature. Thermochemistry – is the study of heat change in chemical reactions. Terms: System – part of the universe set aside for study. Surroundings – part of the universe outside the system Types of systems: 1. Open
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Hess’s Law Mengyuan Wu (Millie) 7 January‚ 14 Aim: The purpose of this experiment is to determine the enthalpy change for the reaction: Introduction: It is impossible to measure the enthalpy change for this reaction directly because the process cannot be controlled. However‚ you can calculate this enthalpy change by using the Hess’s Law. Pre- lab Calculations: Calculation 1: Required Masses for Reaction The ratio of and is required to be 1:100 for Table 1: Calculation
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Germain Henri Hess (August 7‚ 1802–November 30‚ 1850) was a Swiss-born Russian chemist and doctor who formulated Hess’s Law‚ an early principle of thermochemistry. Born in Geneva‚ Switzerland‚ his father was an artist and in 1805 moved the family to Russia to find work. Beginning in 1822‚ Hess studied medicine at the University of Tartu. He qualified as a physician in 1825. Hess turned to chemistry after a meeting with Jöns Jakob Berzelius‚ the famous Swedish chemist‚ and went to Stockholm University
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Thermochemistry IB questions 1. Ammonium nitrate‚ NH4NO3‚ dissolves readily in water according to the equation: NH4NO3(s) NH4+(aq) + NO3-(aq) H = 28kJ mol-1 Which of the following contribute(s) to the occurrence of this process? I. The system moves to lower enthalpy. II. The system becomes more disordered. a. I only b. II only c. Both I and II d. Neither I nor II 2. Which substance has the largest lattice energy? a. NaF b. KCl c. MgO d. CaS 3. A certain reaction is spontaneous
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