In the 18th and 19th centuries scientists wrestled with identifying and describing the nature of the “stuff” that produced change. One concept that became popular for a while was that of “caloric” (what we now call heat). “Caloric was originally conceived of as a quantity that would flow from a hotter object to a cooler one that would warm up as a result. It answered the need for a way for the cause of warming to get from here to there. Not only did caloric serve as a cause for warming‚ it
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HES 2330 Thermodynamics 1 Semester 1 – 2013 ASSIGNMENT 2 Due Date: 29 May 2013‚ 5.00 PM Dropbox: Mailbox 83 (HES2330/HES4330) – Level 8‚ ATC Building 1. A container filled with 45 kg of liquid water at 95oC is placed in a 90-m3 room that is initially at 12oC. The thermal equilibrium is established after a while as a result of heat transfer between the water and the air in the room. Using constant specific heats‚ determine (a) the final equilibrium temperature‚ (b) the amount of heat transfer between
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The specific latent heat of vaporization of a substance is the quantity of energy required to A. raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by one degree Celsius. B. convert a unit mass of liquid to vapour at constant temperature and pressure. C. convert a unit mass of solid to vapour at constant temperature and pressure. D. convert a unit mass of liquid to vapour at a temperature of 100°C and a pressure of one atmosphere.
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References: 1. Yunus A. Cengel and Michael A. Boles‚ “Heat exchangers‚” in Thermodynamics An Engineering Approach‚ 5th ed. Boston: McGraw-Hill College‚ 2006. 2. J. P. Holman‚ “The Log Mean Temperature Difference‚” in Heat Transfer‚ 10th ed. Boston: McGraw-Hill Higher Education. 3. Incropera‚ DeWitt‚ Bergman and Lavine‚ “The Counterflow
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57 g/mL and was determined using a cylinder and displacement. Using the specific heat value of the unknown metal and its density‚ it was determined that the unknown metal was Tin. Introduction: The first law of thermodynamics states that energy must be conserved in any thermodynamic process. The change in internal energy of a system is equal to the head added
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how physics can affect our daily life. For example‚ just walking is a part of physics in our daily life. Here is a list of some of the ways physics touches our daily life: 1. Motion can be explained using physics as part of the laws ofmechanics and thermodynamics. 2. When we eat‚ we convert food to mechanical energy. While this is aphysics concept‚ eating is also chemistry because the food is digested under a chemical reaction that is then able to produce energy and thus mechanical energy. 3. Items that
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Thomas Pynchon’s The Crying of Lot 49 is the first truly quantum novel in American Fiction. Written in 1966‚ the book is penned by a Cornell educated electrical engineer living in the midst of a scientific revolution. Published before the Standard Model of Elementary Particles‚ the author’s work is a direct representation of the newly accepted uncertainty in pre-quantum physics that dominated scientific discourse at the time. Before both Pynchon’s book and Quantum Theory becoming established‚ the
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of Wisconsin MANY MODELS FOR ENGINE COMBUSTION PROBLEMS use the First Law of Thermodynamics as applied to either the entire cylinder contents or to sub systems. Examples include models for spark ig nition engines (1)*‚ diesel engines (2) and stratified charge engines (3). Typically the major species of the products of combustion may be assumed to follow a shifting equilibrium process for thermodynamic purposes. For pur are given by References 6-9. The NASA-Lewis program (9) is
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CHHATTISGARH SWAMI VIVEKANAND TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY Courses of Study and Scheme of Examination of B.E. First Year (2012-13) Common to all branches of Engineering except Bio-Tech. & Bio-Medical Engg. FIRST SEMESTER S. No Board of Study Subject Code Subject Periods Per Week Scheme of Examination Total Marks Credit [L+[T+P]] 2 Theory L T P ESE CT TA 1 Basic Sciences 300114(14) Applied Mathematics-I 4 1 - 80 20 20 120 5 2 Humanities 300111(46) Professional Communication
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phase rule‚ explain what it is. Reduced phase rule ; F = C – P + 1 F(degree of freedom) is the number of the intensive variables which can independently change with maintaining the equilibrium‚ such as T‚ P‚ XA‚ XB. For condensed phases the thermodynamic properties are relatively insensitive to pressure and it is usual to assume that the pressure is fixed at 1 atm. Therefore‚ if the pressure is fixed‚ degree of freedom decreases by one. d) Draw a schematic binary peritectic phase diagram‚ mark
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