The 7 Layers of the OSI Model Last updated: March 03‚ 2008 The OSI‚ or Open System Interconnection‚ model defines a networking framework for implementing protocols in seven layers. Control is passed from one layer to the next‚ starting at the application layer in one station and proceeding to the bottom layer‚ over the channel to the next station and back up the hierarchy. |Application |This layer supports application and end-user processes. Communication partners
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Instructor: Ma ’am Lioanag Section: Civil Engineering 1-19 Date Performed: July 27 ‚ 2013 Group No.: 3 Date Submitted: August 3 ‚ 2013 Experiment No. 4 : PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY INTRODUCTION The objective of this experiment was to resolve a given sample into its components by paper chromatography‚ to evaluate the retention factor of each component in the sample and to compare the relative solubility of the various components of a mixture of colors in a given solvent. METHODOLOGY
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A Glance at the Session Layer of the OSI Model Throughout the history of networking‚ one model has stood the test of time for providing not only insight‚ but also a foundation by which all networking systems utilize in some form or fashion. The seven layers of the OSI model‚ which stands for Open System Interconnect‚ are: Application‚ Presentation‚ Session‚ Transport‚ Network‚ Data link‚ and Physical. These layers are the framework for networking‚ because they represent the roadmap‚ rules‚ and
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With an improved procedure the question could have been answered with this methodology‚ but the aim was to find out the affect of carbohydrates on blood glucose levels‚ but the methodology provided an answer for the question without going into depth of the biochemistry and carbohydrate structure. This could be solved by amending the aim or by constructing some sort of pre-experiment with the bread that would be used to compare the structure of Danskt Rågbröd
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Affinity chromatography technique is used to separate proteins found in a mixture of solution. Affinity chromatography uses the strong interaction between a given protein and its corresponding molecule. In today’s lab‚ affinity chromatography was used to purify L-lactate dehydrogenase‚ which contains histidine-tagged protein. The histidine- tagged protein forms a strong interaction with the Ni-NTA column due to the presence of nickel ions. Varying concentration of imidazole was added to the column
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understand that because substances have different properties‚ such as mass‚ that can be separated by chromatography. In our experiment‚ we chose 4 different color source to separate in water. We made sure that all the sources were water soluble because only polar substances will dissolve in water. We chose a black wet-erase marker‚ a red marker‚ a green marker‚ and mixed food coloring to test. The chromatography paper was split into 4 sections‚ about 2 cm above the bottom edge and evenly spaced out. Each
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Gas chromatography (GC) is a type of chromatography that uses a carrier gas as the mobile phase and a column as the stationary phase. The sample is injected into the instrument and is heated until the sample‚ which includes both analyte and solvent‚ boils. The analyte must have
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ROLE OF YOUTH IN OZONE LAYER PROTECTION Ozone layer plays a vital role in protecting animals‚ human beings and plants from ultraviolet radiation. Ozone layer is destroyed by a group of manufactured or human made chemicals such as chlorine bromine. These chemicals are called "ozone-depleting substances". Ozone layer is destroyed by some natural’s ways and some humane made activities. A single molecule of chlorine can break apart thousands of molecules of ozone. Chlorofluorocarbons the most widely
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Fractional Distillation & Gas Chromatography Exp. 1 Pre-Lab: 1) When two substances whose molecules are very similar from a liquid solution‚ the vapor pressure of the mixture related to vapor pressure of the pure substance. Also it could be defined as a two liquid are ideal solution when they don’t react with each other and they make no association. 2) Are a mixture of at least two different liquid‚ and known also as a mixture of two or more liquid in such away that its component
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social circles‚ backgrounds‚ or cultures‚ making the need for quality our first objective” (Easy in Organizations 2009). Managers must encourage and reprimand based on actual occurrences and work productivity rather than the differences in the four layers of diversity‚ personality and internal‚ external and organizational dimensions we possess that make up the diversity (Kinicki‚ A and Kreitner‚ R. 98). Diversity by definition is the “multitude of individual differences and similarities
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