Carbohydrates H2SO4 acts as dehydrating agent forming furfural derivatives which interact with alpha-naphthol librating a violet layered compound Test | Molisch test | Objective | A general test for all carbohydrates. Monosaccharides give a rapid positive test. Disaccharides and polysaccharides react slower. | Principle involved | Dehydration of the carbohydrate by concentrated sulfuric acid to produce an aldehyde | Reagent | H2SO4 | Positive results | a purple-black layer/violet ring
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Austin Peay State University Department of Chemistry CHEM 1021 IDENTIFYING CARBOHYDRATES (adapted from Blackburn et al.‚ Laboratory Manual to Accompany World of Chemistry‚ 2nd ed.‚ (1996) Saunders College Publishing: Fort Worth) Purpose: To become familiar with some of the characteristic reaction of carbohydrates. To identify an unknown carbohydrate. Caution: Wear eye protection because of the possible shattering of dropped glassware and because acids are used in this experiment
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OBJECTIVES: The objective of this experiment was to extract plant leaf pigments and determining them by using the Rf values obtained from the paper chromatography technique. The hypothesis of the experiment was that all of the five listed pigments would be present in the extracted plant leaf according to the Rf values. PROCEDURE/APPARATUS: The equipments used were a 18 x 150 mm test tube with stopper‚ graduated cylinders‚ Erlenmeyer flask‚ mortar and pestle‚ metric ruler‚ tall jar‚ acetone‚ tiny
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Intro: Carbohydrate‚ any of a large group of compounds in which hydrogen and oxygen‚ in the proportions in which they exist in water‚ are combined with carbon; the formula of most of these compounds may be expressed as Cn(H2O)n. Structurally‚ however‚ these compounds are not hydrates of carbon‚ as the formula would seem to indicate. Carbohydrates‚ as a class‚ are the most abundant organic compounds found in nature. They are produced by green plants and by bacteria using the process known as photosynthesis
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January 1999 B io Factsheet Example glucose fructose galactose Number 39 Carbohydrates: Revision Summary Carbohydrates contain 3 elements: Carbon (C)‚ Hydrogen (H) and Oxygen (O). Thus‚ if we remove water from carbohydrates‚ all that remains is carbon. Carbohydrates can be divided into 3 categories; monosaccharides‚ disaccharides and polysaccharides (Table 1). Table 1. Structure of monosaccharides‚ disaccharides and polysaccharides Category Monosaccharide (made of 1 sugar molecule)
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Mr. Sousa Organic Chemistry ACL 8 January 2015 Chromatography Chromatography is a physical method of separating substances based on their properties‚ by distributing their components between a mobile and stationary phase. Chromatography is useful for observing mixtures and solvents‚ since it can be used to determine the relative bond strength of various compounds‚ a substances phase‚ and it can also the identity of unknown substances. Chromatography allows for the separation of chemical mixtures
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Paper chromatography is one of the easiest methods of chromatography. It is a method of planar chromatography (stationary phase is in form of a plane). Paper chromatography follows the basic principle of chromatography‚ which states that substances or components are distributed in between the stationary phase and the mobile phase. It is an analytical technique‚ where only a small amount of a sample is used for separating and identifying its components. Like any other method of chromatography‚ paper
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The structural features of carbohydrates account for the fact that a wide variety of polysaccharides exist is pentoses and hexoses. The examples of pentose are ribose‚ deoxyribose‚ ribulose and xylulose. The examples of hexose are glucose which is found in fruits‚ fructose which is found in milk and galactose which is found in honey. Both pentoses and hexoses are mostly found in monosaccharides. They are the most simplest sugar which cannot be futher hydrolysed into smaller units. They contain
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provided for. Good luck!!! CHROMATOGRAPHY (By: Mayflor Markusic) KALIKASAN: Everyday Science in Action Volume 4 No. 1; pages 22-24 a) What is chromatography? 1 2 3 4 ____________________________________________________________ ________________ b) Give examples of mixtures which can be separated through chromatography. 4 5 6 7 ________________________________________ ______________________________________ c) How is chromatography done? 4 5 6 7 ________
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Paper chromatography is an important separation technique that depends upon differences in how strongly the dyes are adsorbed onto the paper (stationary phase) and how soluble the dyes are in the developing solvent (mobile phase). In paper chromatography‚ a small amount of the mixture to be separated is placed close to the edge of a piece of paper. The edge of the paper is then immersed in a developing solution. As the developing solution ascends up the paper by capillary action‚ the. components
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