no one thinks very much”. Groupthink is the process of thinking as a group in a way that discourages creativity or individual responsibility. Arthur Miller‚ an American playwright‚ essayist‚ and prominent figure in the twentieth century‚ wrote The Crucible to warn the American people of groupthink and the abuse of its power. Groupthink has its benefits which allows groups to come to a conclusion and socialize. However‚ its power can be abused to harm a community. Groupthink is an important part of
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In 1971‚ Irving Janis created the theory of groupthink following an examination of several U.S. foreign policy disasters‚ including the failure at the Bay of Pigs‚ the U.S. involvement with Vietnam‚ the Korean War‚ and the attack on Pearl Harbor. He then compared the commonalities between the events to a considerable extent‚ grouping them into a theory that he labeled ‘groupthink.’ Janis defined groupthink as a “psychological drive for consensus at any cost that suppresses
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| Groupthink and Risky Shift Phenomenon | | | | | | Table of Contents Executive Summary i Introduction 1 The Groupthink phenomenon 1 The Risky-shift phenomenon 2 Conclusion 4 Recommendation 4 Reference list 5 Executive Summary Groupthink phenomenon continues to exist and influence in a group decision making. This is especially happen when group cohesiveness is high and there is an absence of open communication. However‚ understanding the theory would enable
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We will tie this in with Irving Janis’ concept of groupthink‚ which is arguably caused by the development and enforcement of group norms. Daniel Feldman (1984‚ p.47) states that ‘group norms are the informal rules that groups adopt to regulate and regularise group members’ behaviour’ (Hackman‚ 1976 in Feldman 1984 p.47). When this happens it is possible and sometimes likely that bad or irrational decisions will be made. This is Janis’ groupthink‚ ‘a mode of thinking that people engage in when they
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English 12 Thirteen Reasons Why By Jay Asher Jay Asher grew up in California‚ and has always had a thing for books. Growing up‚ he worked in several different book stores and libraries. He attended Cuesta college right after he graduated high school‚ majoring in elementary education. He then transferred to California Polytechnic State University where he left in his senior year. He decided he wanted to pursue a career as a serious writer. Thirteen Reasons Why is Jay’s first
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“You don’t know what goes on in anyone’s life but your own. And when you mess with one part of a person’s life‚ you’re not messing with just that part. Unfortunately‚ you can’t be that precise and selective. When you mess with one part of a person’s life‚ you’re messing with their entire life.” (Asher 108). After reading this passage immediately I interpreted this as the message or lesson of the novel. This is true because Hannah experienced this first hand. Everyone in this book had no idea that
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There are thirteen barrier islands in the United States called Cumberland Island‚ Golden Isles of Georgia‚ Jekyll Island‚ Little St. Simons Georgia‚ Little Tybee Island‚ Ossabaw Island‚ Sapelo Island‚ Sea Island Georgia‚ Skidaway Island Georgia‚ St. Catherines Island‚ St. Simons Georgia‚ Tybee Island Georgia and Wassaw Island. All of these islands have many different types of histories. Cumberland Island has three major ecosystem regions along the western edge of the island there
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committed this tragic event‚ Hannah left behind thirteen recorded messages that explained the thirteen reasons to why she killed herself; the reasons to why she was driven over the edge. Each of these messages were copied to tapes‚ each side of the tape was directed towards one specific person in which caused one of the reasons. The tapes went in order‚ from the beginning of Hannah’s problems‚ to the end. Hannah mailed the tapes to the first person the day she ended her life. Afterwards that person was
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Suicide is a very touchy topic in young adult literature; people often debate that the book is inappropriate for the targeted audience. The book Thirteen Reasons Why‚ By: Jay Asher‚ is about a young man‚ Clay Jensen‚ who returns home from school one day to find mysterious box with his name on it sitting on his porch. Inside he discovers cassette tapes with thirteen reasons why his school crush‚ Hannah Baker‚ committed suicide and he’s one of them. Parents‚ and teachers complain that a book containing sexually
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the pressure of conformity and groupthink. A group can be defined as two or more individuals‚ interacting and interdependent‚ who come together to achieve a particular objective. In the movie 12 Jurors come together with the sole obligation of concluding if the young man was guilty of murdering his father or not‚ beyond reasonable doubt. This group of 12 men who did not know each other walked into the room to discuss this case‚ showed the first sign of groupthink‚ as they had already formed the
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