under one power. It is considered to begin the year of 962 with the papal crowning of Otto I as the first emperor and lasted until the final dissolution by Napoleon in 1806. The initial fall of the Holy Roman Empire took place gradually over an enduring period of time as it grew less and less of a force an European politics. A few known reasons for this decline of the emperor were the Protestant Reformation‚ the Peace of Augsburg‚ and the Thirty Years War. The Protestant Reformation began in 1517
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subject only to their intents and purposes of war were not yet the concern of the masses. The wars of the eighteenth century were largely fought for material‚ rather than ideological‚ reasons: generally specific territory or resources. The 18th Century war was a game they [rulers] play for what is staked‚ not for all they have in the world. Compared the religiously motivated and incredibly destructive Thirty Years War of the previous century‚ wars of the eighteenth century were fairly composed
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the Spanish as the Council of Troubles and among the Netherlands as the Council of Blood‚ which launched a campaign of terror during which the counts of Egmont and Horn‚ along with several thousand heretics were publicly executed. Alba spent six years in the Netherlands and during this time he levied new taxes and continually persecuted Protestants. Resistance and Unification William of Orange emerged from exile as the leader of the movement for the independence of the Netherlands from Spain.
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1160 Assignment One: Chapter 4: European Material Life‚ 1600-1800 Document One: Page 96 A Meal of Gruel in a Dutch Peasant Family is an engraving done by A. Van Ostade in Paris in 1653. During this time era‚ there were many wars taking place‚ like the Thirty Years War‚ and this time was in the middle of the age of exploration. Since most of the wealth of the Dutch Republic‚ as well as all over Europe‚ was going towards funding these great trade journeys and for setting up settlements across the
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Shianne Schimmel Period 2 Chapter 14 Review Discovery and Crisis in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries Age of Discovery and Expansion By the sixteenth century the Atlantic coast was the center of commercial activity. This age of expansion was a factor in European transition from the farming economy to a commercial and industrial capitalistic system. Expansion led to Europeans meeting non-European people that started a new age of world history. Motives of Expansion • • • • • • • •
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considerations of the work developed through the interactive oral? In Mother Courage and Her Children the aspects of familial ties versus greed and the effect of war on humanity were explored using the technique of epic theater. In an attempt to further remove the emotional ties Brecht set his play during the Thirty Years War instead of WWII which was happening at the time‚ he wanted to remove all emotion and cause the audience to view his characters from an analytical standpoint so they could
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Final Exam Study Guide Identifications 1. Analects- book of Confucius’ sayings and ideas; written during the Warring States period by his disciples (475-221 BC) and achieved its final form during the mid-Han dynasty; one of the central texts of Confucianism 2. Lao-Tzu- a philosopher of ancient China‚ best known as the author of the Tao Te Ching. His association with the Tào Té Chīng has led him to be traditionally considered the founder of philosophical Taoism. He is also revered as a
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(French Revolution/Napoleon) Enlightenment Salon Guest Description Cardinal Mazarin I am Cardinal Jules Mazarin of France; I was French cardinal and diplomat who served as chief minister of France from 1642 to the year of my death 1661. I first came involved with church when I joined the Jesuit order after attending the Jesuit college of Rome. During my service with the papal forces I came into favor with many important figures such as Pope Urban VIII for excellent diplomatic skills. I later entered
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particular period. First‚ absolutism seemed very desirable to many people in Europe in 17th century. Before absolute monarchs established their authority‚ Europe had been in endless chaos full of wars and social instability. Spain‚ England‚ and France each underwent their own civil wars. The 30 Years War devastated much of the Germanic states‚ and the Holy Roman Empire did no exist in reality any longer. Even in France‚ a supposedly united country‚ was divided by classes‚ regions and religions‚ there
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international relations can be traced back to thousands of years ago; Barry Buzan and Richard Little‚ for example‚ consider the interaction of ancient Sumerian city-states‚ starting in 3‚500 BC‚ as the first fully-fledged international system.[3] The official portraits of King Władysław IV dressed according to French‚ Spanish and Polish fashion reflects the complex politics of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth during the Thirty Years’ War The history of international relations based on sovereign
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