Annual Review of Applied Linguistics (1999) 19‚ 81–104. Printed in the USA. Copyright © 1999 Cambridge University Press 0267-1905/99 $9.50 PRAGMATICS AND SLA Gabriele Kasper and Kenneth R. Rose INTRODUCTION Pragmatics has two roles in SLA: It acts as a constraint on linguistic forms and their acquisition‚ and it represents a type of communicative knowledge and object of L2 learning in its own right. The first role of pragmatics is evident in functionalist (Tomlin 1990) and interactionist
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property had been sold off and there was only a small amount of property left. (Editors) All that remained of the Whitman’s land fortune‚ was a 60-acre parcel in West Hills. (Reynolds) Many people don’t really know much about Walt Whitman’s early childhood‚ as neither did I. I did not know that he was very fond of his father‚ but had an intense amount of love for his mother. (Reynolds) In one of his poems‚ Walt Whitman idolizes his mother by
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Ethical Issue A problem or situation that requires a person or organization to choose between alternatives that must be evaluated as right (ethical) or wrong (unethical) Education is simply the soul of a society as it passes from one generation to another. ~ G. K. Chesterton Indeed‚ education is an ongoing process. We are always receiving and passing it on‚ adding something in the process‚ sometimes even taking certain things‚ impertinent from time to time‚ away from it while passing it on further
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OSLO AND AKERSHUS UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF APPLIED SCIENCES FACULTY OF EDUCATION AND INTERNATIONAL STUDIES JUSTINA URBIETYTE 1st year student of Our Shared European Cultures ADDRESSING LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY IN TØYEN SCHOOL: A CASE STUDY THE FIELDWORK Research adviser Hilde Tørnby Oslo 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................3 GLOSSARY OF TERMS...........................
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Childhood: An Early Modern View Question: Analyze continuities and changes in methods of child-rearing among the English upper classes from the sixteenth through the eighteenth centuries. How did adult views of children shape adult practices toward their children? Throughout the sixteenth‚ seventeenth‚ and eighteenth century‚ methods for childrearing were based on the adult perceptions of children. While some methods remained‚ others were being removed. These methods of childrearing fluctuated
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Lev Vygotsky: Social Development Theory Shannon Reardon Rasmussen College This research paper is being submitted on January 25th‚ 2015‚ for EC100/EEC1700 Section 09 Foundations of Child Development As an early childhood professional‚ there are many developmental theorists that I have identified with over the last few years. One theorist that I feel I have related to most recently in my career is Lev Vygotsky. Lev Vygotsky was a Russian teacher and psychologist who developed extensive
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TOPIC- THEORIES RELATING TO HOW CHILDREN ACQUIRE THEIR FIRST LANGUAGE ABSTRACT – In the following essay ‚language is explored from its initial stages of development in children. Language can be described in so many formats‚ due to its diversity and its complexity. One interesting description is from‚ (Edward Sapir)‚ who sees language as an “art” saying; "Language is an anonymous‚ collective and unconscious art; the result of the creativity of thousands of generations." Although his version
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In order for one to gain an understanding of an early childhood environment‚ one must put them inside one. People really do not understand what takes place everyday if they do not sit back and observe the interaction amongst the children and the staff. I observed a class at A Child’s World- Doylestown. A Child’s World is located at 2001 South Easton Road‚ Doylestown‚ PA 18901. The building is brand new‚ they just moved in June 2003‚ however A Child’s World has been in business for 10 years and they
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Jenny Lim Oct 23‚ 2012 Request for Information Social Issue: Child abuse and how it affects early childhood development. 1. What is child abuse and how do you identify it? Child abuse‚ also referred as child maltreatment‚ is an act made by the parent‚ guardian‚ or caretaker that results in the child’s death‚ injury‚ or emotional discomfort (Joyful Heart Foundation‚ 1). Child abuse is not solely physical; it can be sexual abuse‚ neglect‚ and emotional abuse. Physical and sexual abuses are
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Hypothesis: Childhood bilingualism leads to faster cognitive response rates. Study: Early Childhood Bilingualism Leads to Advances in Executive Attention: Dissociating Culture and Language (S. Yang‚ H. Yang‚ and Lust‚ 2011) Sample: I would use 2 blocks of 15 children (5 years old). 15 children would be bilingual in Korean and English; the other 15 would be monolingual in English. Method: I would perform a correlational study to determine if any correlation exists between bilingualism and cognitive
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