Overview of the Endocrine System * System of ductless glands that secrete hormones * Hormones are “messenger molecules” * Circulate in the blood * Act on distant target cells * Target cells respond to the hormones for which they have receptors * The effects are dependent on the programmed response of the target cells * Hormones are just molecular triggers * Basic categories of hormones * Amino acid based: modified amino acids (or amines)‚ peptides (short chains
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The endocrine system refers to the different organs of the body that are responsible for secreting hormones that affect bodily processes. Better known for their ability to process waste‚ the kidneys are responsible for the secretion of four different hormones: rennin‚ calcitriol‚ erythropoietin and thrombopoietin These chemicals released by the kidneys affect a wide range of bodily processes dealing with the circulatory and skeletal systems. Understanding the endocrine functions of the
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three hormones that are responsible for maintaining calcium homeostasis in the body. They are the parathyroid hormone‚ vitamin D and calcitonin. Parathyroid is the main hormone involved in regulating calcium levels. There are four parathyroid glands which lie posterior to the thyroid glands. The cells in the parathyroid gland act in response to the calcium levels in the blood. When the calcium levels are low the cells increase the release of the parathyroid hormone. The parathyroid hormone raises
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proteins are intracellular proteins‚ or protein fractions‚ that have a high specific affinity for binding a known stimulus to cellular activity. Receptor proteins may be located at cell surfaces or within the interior of cells. They may detect hormones or instead keep track of what otherwise is going on in cell ’s environment. They may be enzymes or serve to relay the occurrence of signal reception in other ways such as by opening up ion channels. Receptor proteins are often targets for drug
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chemical messengers. The endocrine system uses chemical messengers called hormones that are transported by the circulatory system (blood). They act on target cells that may be anywhere in the body. The endocrine system is slower than the nervous system because hormones must travel through the circulatory system to reach their target. Target cells have receptors that are specific to the signaling molecules. The binding of hormones to the receptors on or within the target cell produces a response by the
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third ventricle of the brain Pineal Gland Produces amine hormone melatoin Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or thyrotropin Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH) gonadotropins Posterior Pituitary (neural tissues) Neurohypophysis Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) corticotropin Prolactin (PRL) Growth hormone (GH) Oxytocin Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Stimulates growth and energy metabolism requires intermediary
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4: Endocrine System Physiology: Activity 3: Hormone Replacement Therapy Lab Report Pre-lab Quiz Results You scored 25% by answering 1 out of 4 questions correctly. 1. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) You correctly answered: d. stimulates ovarian follicle development. 2. Estrogen Your answer : c. is an anterior pituitary hormone secretion. Correct answer: d. is produced by developing ovarian follicles. 3. Calcitonin Your answer : a. is a steroid hormone. Correct answer: b. works against the development
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body that deals with chemical communication by means of hormones‚ the ductless glands that secrete the hormones‚ and those target cells that respond to hormones. The endocrine system functions in maintaining the basic functions of the body ranging from metabolism to growth. The endocrine system functions in long term behavior and works in conjunction with the nervous system in regulating internal functions and maintaining homeostasis. Hormones are the chemical messengers released by specialized endocrine
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Ch. 16 A&P 1.Chemical substances secreted by cells into the extracellular fluids and that regulate the metabolic function of other cells in the body are called ________. Hormones 2.Direct gene activation involves a second-messenger system. False 3.All peptide hormone synthesis requires gene activation that produces mRNA. T 4.Which of the following is not a change that may be caused by hormonal stimulus? a change in membrane potential direct control
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Eggs‚ Sperm‚ and Hormones Dionna Washington G150/PHA1500 Section 21 Structure and Function of the Human Body Felicia Stokes June 11‚ 2014 1. Sperm starts within the testis‚ in which it then passes into the epididymis and sits until it matures in the few days that it had waited. Then‚ the sperm is forced up into the ducts (vas deferens) into the seminal tubule and into the ejaculatory ducts‚ which moves semen into the urethra. Once that occurs‚ the semen covers the sperm and it moves into
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