forcing the abdication of Nicholas II (1868-1918)‚ the last Russian czar. Just months later‚ the newly installed provisional government was itself overthrown by the more radical Bolsheviks‚ led by Vladimir Lenin (1870-1924). By 1917‚ most Russians had lost faith in the leadership ability of Czar Nicholas II. Government corruption was rampart‚ the Russian economy remained backward‚ and Nicholas repeatedly dissolved the Duma‚ the Russian parliament established after the 1905 revolution‚ when it opposed
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In what ways and to what extent was China modernized during the Republican period (1912-49)? After the fall of Qing Dynasty in 1911‚ the unprecedented‚ new form of government emerged in China immediately. Whereafter the betrayal of the Republic of Yuan Shikai (1913-1916) and the turmoil of Warlordism (1916-27)‚ China was in a relative stable situation till the Nationalist Government was established in Nanjing in 1928‚ a period first possible for any modernization effort. That is‚ most of the modernization
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Reconstruction was a time period of rebuilding economy and society. The South had needed to rebuild their economy and society because of the civil war. Many people disagreed with the idea because people thought that they did not need this and that they should live in ruins. Reconstruction occurred in 1867 many people felt devastated because they did not have adult males to help around. This time period was for people to get back
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Russian formalism was an influential school of literary criticism in Russia from the 1910s to the 1930s. It includes the work of a number of highly influential Russian and Soviet scholars such as Viktor Shklovsky‚ Yuri Tynianov‚ Vladimir Propp‚ Boris Eichenbaum‚ Roman Jakobson‚ Boris Tomashevsky‚ Grigory Gukovsky who revolutionised literary criticism between 1914 and the 1930s by establishing the specificity and autonomy of poetic language and literature. Russian formalism exerted a major influence
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The Russian Empire founded in 1720‚ it was the third largest empire in world history‚ and it stretched over three continents. The 20th century in Russia started with the catastrophe of the Russo-Japanese War. With the lost‚ Russia was economically devastated and the national morale was virtually non-existent. The Russian people had had enough of the impotent Tsar Nicholas II. Russia‚ unlike the rest of Europe‚ was backward society. In Russia‚ they still had many serfs. The Russians knew they needed
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In 1914 Europe was considered an armed camp‚ and its politics were taken over or dominated by two rival alliances. When a United Germany was created‚ it disturbed the balance of power in Europe. Due to the fear of Germany‚ it encouraged France and Russia to form an alliance in 1894. Moving closer to World War I (WWI) Europe experienced faster and efficient economic growth and encouraged the ideas of Imperialism and Nationalism. Europe then later began to threaten the stability of multi-ethnic empires
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Explain why attempts to break the stalemate failed in the period 1914-1918. SOURCE 1: “That was a stupid action‚ because we had to make a frontal attack on bristling German guns and there was no shelter at all… There were dead bodies all over the place where previous battalions and regiments had taken part in previous attacks. What a bashing we got. There were heaps of men everywhere – not one or two men‚ but heaps of men‚ all dead. Even before went over‚ we knew this was death. We just couldn’t
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Chernenko’s death‚ Mikhail Gorbachev was elected as General Secretary of the Soviet Union. Before Gorbachev assumed power‚ the Soviet Union was Communist in name‚ however it did not emulate Communist values. Citizens were strictly controlled‚ as what they read‚ watched and said was monitored. Citizens were monitored even more about what they can see about their government and country‚ in order to prevent rebellion or resistance. As Gorbachev began his rule‚ he recognized that reforms were clearly necessary
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Monarchy rule and formed the Soviet Union. As a result of the Russian Revolution‚ the civilization of Russia adjusted to a new civilization. The Russian Revolution was an overall success by changing Russia’s Monarchy into a communist state‚ changing into a socialist economy from a capitalist economy‚ and changed the socio-economic classes. Before the Russian Revolution Russia had a Monarch named Tsar Nicholas the II‚ but after the Russian Revolution‚ Russia turned into a communist state. Tsar Nicholas
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increases. During the first eight years of power‚ Mao’s regime tackled the economy remarkably‚ stemming inflation and introducing the first 5-year plan. Furthermore political control began to take form – although the methods of control were debatably unethical – and social initiatives were taken to improve‚ among other things‚ illiteracy‚ women’s rights and crime. Despite the albeit tough methods used by Mao‚ the PRC did a remarkable job of transforming China in the given circumstances‚ and therefore
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