INTRODUCTION Realised-profit‚ matching-based‚ historical cost accruals accounting (HCA) has for over fifty years been repeatedly challenged as being an inadequate basis for the measurement of "income" which reports increments in the value of businesses. Such challenges continue unabated and are made by both accounting standards regulators and by academic commentators. Despite its obvious deficiencies for measuring valuation based income‚ and subject to concept of prudence‚ internationally HCA remains
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Datar‚ S.M. and Foster‚ G. (2003) Cost Accounting - A Managerial Emphasis‚ Pearson Education‚ Inc.‚ New Jersey‚ Eleventh Edition CHAPTER 11 DECISION MAKING AND RELEVANT INFORMATION 11-1 The five steps in the decision process outlined in Exhibit 11-1 of the text are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Obtain information Make predictions about future costs Choose an alternative Implement the decision Evaluate performance to provide feedback 11-2 Relevant costs are expected future costs that differ among the alternative
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CAPACITY ANALYSIS 9-1 No. Differences in operating income between variable costing and absorption costing are due to accounting for fixed manufacturing costs. Under variable costing only variable manufacturing costs are included as inventoriable costs. Under absorption costing both variable and fixed manufacturing costs are included as inventoriable costs. Fixed marketing and distribution costs are not accounted for differently under variable costing and absorption costing. 9-2 The term direct costing
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only variable manufacturing costs. Answer: False Difficulty: 1 Objective: 1 Terms to Learn: absorption costing Absorption costing “absorbs” all manufacturing costs‚ both fixed and variable. 2. Variable costing includes all variable costs — both manufacturing and nonmanufacturing — in inventory. Answer: False Difficulty: 1 Objective: 1 Terms to Learn: variable costing Variable costing includes only manufacturing variable costs in inventory. 3. Under both
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Accounting 2082 Managerial Accounting Exam 1 Sample Exam Questions Printed Name: Date: I certify that I have neither given nor received assistance on this exam‚ in accordance with the University of Cincinnati Student Code of Conduct. Signature: Instructions: Circle your answers for the multiple choice questions on the exam. Fill out the scantron sheet carefully‚ using a #2 pencil. Your name (last‚ then first) and M number must be on the scantron sheet. Type of
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COST CLASSIFICATION ASSIGNMENT To classify the various costs would first of all require a definition between the two types of accounting that practically all businesses have to face and a number of key terms which are equally important. These are management accounting and financial accounting. 1. THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MANAGEMENT & FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING: Management accounting is concerned with decision making‚ cost apportionment‚ planning and control. It is based within the organisation and is
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coordinate the individuals’ budgets into a budget for a whole organization. 2) Accounting staff The accounting staff will assist managers in the preparation of their budgets; they will‚ for example‚ circulate and advise on the instructions about budget preparation‚ provide information that may be useful for preparing the present budget‚ and ensure the managers submit their budgets on time. The accounting
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Word count – excluding executive summary and headings – 2448 Table of Contents Executive Summary 3 Toyota Motor Corporation 3 Globalisation and Toyota 4 Toyota Lanka 6 Analysing the Environment 7 PESTLE Analysis 8 SWOT analysis 9 The Tax Effect 11 Government Imposed Issues 13 Response of Toyota Lanka 14 Conclusion & Recommendations 15 Table of Figures 16 References 17 Executive Summary Sri Lanka’s automobile industry is a very volatile market space where the countries’ political
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Please forward the following two questions to the entire batch as directed by Sengupta sir. AS 2 Determine the cost of inventory of M/s XYZ International Limited involved in the import and trading of mobile phones as at March 31‚ 2011 in accordance with Accounting Standard – 2‚ Valuation of Inventories‚ from the following data (5000 phones) :- Purchase cost of phones – Rs 50‚000 Custom duty on Import – Rs 30‚000 Port clearing charges – Rs 10‚000 Carriage inwards – Rs 15‚000 Salary to
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Cost Concepts Semester II Basic Terms • Cost is the amount of expenditure‚ actual (incurred) or notional (attributable)‚ relating to a specific thing or activity. The specific thing or activity may be a product‚ job‚ service‚ process or any other activity • Expenses are expired costs‚ incurred and totally used up in generation of revenue • Loss is lost cost. The term ‘loss’ is used to describe mainly two accounting events. In traditional financial accounting it is used to denote a situation
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