TRADE UNIONISM‚ COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AND NATION BUILDING: THE NIGERIAN EXPERIENCE Charles N. Okolie Introduction It is a well known fact that the growth and development of any nation depends on the structures it has carved out for itself. In Nigeria‚ amidst the various arms of the government which has been working tirelessly to ensure the growth and sustenance of the Nigerian state is the emergence of trade unions. The colonial influence in Nigeria has left much to be desired. The emergence
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Trade Union A trade union is an organization of employees formed on a continuous basis for the purpose of securing diverse range of benefits. It is a continuous association of wage earners for the purpose of maintaining and improving the conditions of their working lives. The Trade Union Act 1926 defines a trade union as a combination‚ whether temporary or permanent‚ formed primarily for the purpose of regulating the relations between workmen and employers or between workmen and workmen‚ or between
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What Are The Basic Problems Arising In International Trade Financing And How Do The Main Financing Instruments Help Solve Those Problems 1. Trade Financing Instruments The main types of trade financing instruments are as follows: a) Documentary Credit This is the most common form of the commercial letter of credit. The issuing bank will make payment‚ either immediately or at a prescribed date‚ upon the presentation of stipulated documents. These documents will include shipping and insurance
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INVESTMENTS IN AFRICA China’s growing involvement in Africa has raised concern from western countries for the past decade. China claims to have distinguished itself from western countries with regard to its Africa policy by a great financial involvement based on “political equality and mutual trust‚ economic win-win cooperation‚ and cultural exchange”[1]. Indeed‚ as Hu Jintao says‚ “China and Africa are good friends‚ good partners and brothers”[2]. Chinese “investment” in Africa involves political
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Smith Institute (2008) about how ‘The Fair-trade movement achieves virtually nothing in terms of reducing world poverty’. Fair trade is a standard that is set to support the developing countries exports‚ it is to improve the workers in a developing country’s working conditions‚ fair payments which help them towards development and planning of their future that may help poverty. It also helps them to sell products to developing countries. Fair trade products come mostly in products such as coffee
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GLOBAL WARMING Global warming is the increase of earth’s average temperature as the result of green house effect. Green house gases in the atmosphere act like a mirror reflecting back the heat radiation which would otherwise be dispersed into space. Greenhouse effect is the problem of gradual rise of gases such as carbon dioxide in the air surrounding the earth which traps the heat if the sun. Greenhouse gases are any of the gases that are thought to cause green house effect.
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union action and behaviour. The trade unions were formed during the period of rise and growth in capitalism. Capitalism is characterised by exploitation of workers‚ low wages inequality‚ this ideology is seen as beneficial to the economy. The trade union as a revolutionary agency will be discussed. Different interpretations of Lenin and Trotsky will critically analyse trade unions as revolutionary agencies. To fully comprehend this essay you need to understand why trade unions developed. Unions developed
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DEBATE: TRADE DEFICITS ARE BAD Position Statement: The trade deficit drains money from our economy‚ lowers our wages and forces us into an ever-lower standard of living. A trade deficit occurs when the total imports of goods and services are greater than the total exports of goods and services. The trade deficit not only drains the economy jobs‚ it sends essential pieces of our industrial ecosystems out of the country. And this means that it is sending our ability to make a living in the
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countries. These ties are established in several ways‚ one of which is through trade. The nature of trade includes exporting and importing goods and services which form trade links with partner countries. Trade comes with its advantages and disadvantages. Australia also takes part in multilateral agreements‚ such as APEC‚ to be able to strengthen trade links. International trade is the exchange of goods and services between nations. Goods meaning tangible objects like clothes‚ food and such‚ while services
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importers to deposit a certain amount with the central bank of the country. This makes importing more time consuming and more expensive and reduces the liquidity of the importing firm. 2. Voluntary Export Restrain (VER): it is an agreement between two countries where the government of exporting country agrees voluntary to restrict the volume of its exports of a certain good. Ex. Japan’s VER with USA in the export of motor cars. 3. Product standard regulations: A country can use strict
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