ALCAR approach: the Alcar Group Inc. a management education and software company‚ developed an approach to VBM which is based on discounted cash flow analysis Determinants of shareholder value: according to Alfred Rappaport author of creating share holder value; a guide to managers and investors‚ who is regarded as father of share holder value‚ the following seven factors called “value drivers” affect shareholder value 1. Rate of sales growth 2. Operating profit margin 3. Income tax rate 4. Investment
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The contingency approach to management emerged from the real life experience of managers who found that no single approach worked consistently in every situation. The basic idea of this approach is that number management technique or theory is appropriate in all situations. The main determinants of a contingency are related to the external and internal environment of an organisation. The process‚ quantitative‚ behavioural‚ and systems approaches to management did not integrate the environment. The
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stances – Interpretive theory‚ framework or “lens” of the researcher © 2008 Kimberly Galt Objectives (continued) • Describe the research process: – Design – Data collection – Data analysis – Data results – Interpretation of findings – Presentation of findings • Discuss how the research question drives the selection of each approach • Describe how the research process relates to each approach © 2008 Kimberly Galt Outline for each approach • Definition of the approach • Overview of the
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Accounting and Finance Management Assignment 2 Semester: 3 Prepared by: Osoba Seun Student Number: Sc-Kl-00021763 Email Address: josher4real@yahoo.com Date submitted: 17/01/2014 Question 1 Sales Budget September ($) October ($) Budgeted sales (units) 9‚500 Selling price per unit $12 Total sales 90‚000 114‚000 Schedule of expected cash collections: October ($) Account
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Financial Accounting Part I Textbook for Class XI © no N C tt E o R be T re pu bl is he Accountancy d ISBN 81-7450-507-5 First Edition February 2006 Phalguna 1927 Reprinted October 2006 Kartika 1928 October 2007 Kartika 1929 January 2009 Magh 1930 January 2010 Magha 1931 January 2011 Magha 1932 PD 90T RPS © National Council of Educational Research and Training‚ 2006 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED No part of this publication may be reproduced‚ stored in a retrieval system or transmitted‚
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Cognitive approach The cognitive approach focuses on the way information is processed by humans. It looks at how we as individuals treat information and how it leads to responses. Cognitive psychologists study internal processes such as attention‚ language‚ memory‚ thinking and perception. The main assumption of this approach is that in when information is received it is then processed by the brain and this processing directs how we as individuals behave or justify why we behave the way we
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MANAGEMENT THEORY 3.0 THE DEVELOPER‚ FREDERICK WINSLOW TAYLOR 4.0 MAIN TENETS OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT THEORY. 4.1 Four main tenets. 5.0 HOW TAYLOR USE THESE PRINCIPALS PRACTICALLY 5.1 Taylors’ observations and proposals 5.2 His basic actions 6.0 MODERN ENGINEERING INDUSTRY AND CHALLENGES 6.1 Introduction to Engineering 6.2 Development of engineering industry 7.0 APPLICATION OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT THEORY 7.1 Difficulties occurred in early 1900 7.2 Harrington Emerson and his approach 7.3 The result
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the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs‚ biological and humanistic approach. “The hierarchy of needs theory remains valid today for understanding human motivation‚ management training‚ and personal development” (Orana‚ 2009). Maslow’s book Personality and Motivation were published in 1954 introducing his theory of the hierarchy of needs. Abraham Maslow Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) the hierarchy of needs was introduced in his 1943 paper‚ “A Theory of Human Motivation”. This hierarchy (formerly known as Maslow’s
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ACCOUNTING NOTES FOR MY PERSONAL USE 4/12/2013 ELISHA VERIWA | Introduction to Accounting Accountancy is the process of communicating financial information about a business entity to users (stakeholders) such as shareholders and managers (Elliot‚ Barry & Elliot‚ Jamie: Financial accounting and reporting). Accounting has been defined as: * the art of recording‚ classifying‚ and summarizing in a significant manner and in terms of money‚ transactions and events which are‚ in part at least
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A critical look at the Communicative Approach (1) Michael Swan This (the first of two articles) examines some of the more theoretical ideas underlying the ‘Communicative Approach‘. These include the belief that we should teach ‘use’ as well as ‘meaning; and some attitudes regarding the teaching of ‘skills’ and ‘strategies’. A second article will deal with more pedagogical aspects of the approach‚ especially the idea of a ‘semantic syllabus’ and the question of ‘authenticity’ in materials and methodology
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