INTRODUCTION Life cycle costing is one of the various techniques in strategic management. It is a procurement as well as production costing technique that considers all life cycle costs. Besides‚ it is also a tool to determine the most cost-effective option among different competing alternatives to do a project‚ when each is equally appropriate to be implemented on technical grounds.This report will discuss life cycle costing in the view of production costing technique. In manufacturing‚ the
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1 AN OVERVIEW OF TARGET COSTING Introduction Many managers often underestimate the power of target costing as a serious competitive tool. When general managers read the word “costing”‚ they naturally assume it is a topic for their finance or accounting staff. They miss the fact that target costing is really a systematic profit and cost management process. What Is Target Costing? CAM-I defines target costing as the maximum amount of cost that can be incurred on a product and still earn the required
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each product but must be ‘shared’ between all of the items produced by a business. There is more than one costing method that can be used to apportion these costs and‚ therefore‚ there may be more than one answer to the question: ‘How much does a product cost to produce?’ contribution costing method that only allocates direct costs to cost/profit centers not overhead costs. This approach to costing solves the problem of how to apportion or divide overhead costs between products – it does not apportion
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standard costs in a departmentalized factory. Distinguish between actual and applied factory overhead. Standard Costing •The purpose of standard cost accounting is to control costs and promote efficiency. •It is not another accounting method for accumulating manufacturing costs‚ but is used in conjunction with such methods as job order‚ process‚ or backflush costing. •Standard costing is based on predetermination of what it should cost to manufacture a product‚ and the inventory accounts are debited
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http://www.writework.com/essay/issues-product-costing-unimportant-virtual-organisations-o Issues of product costing are unimportant for virtual organisations that outsource production operations." Essay by hotsanjaysoni‚ B-‚ March 2005 The topic states that is product costing important for virtual organisations that are outsourcing their production operations. Virtual organisations are those corporation that operate in the world of e-business or e-commerce. A virtual organisation can be defined
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There are a number of benefits associated with life cycle costing. (a) The life cycle concept results in earlier actions to generate revenue or to lower costs than otherwise might be considered. (b) Better decisions should follow from a more accurate and realistic assessment of revenues and costs‚ at least within a particular life cycle stage. (c) Life cycle thinking can promote long-term rewarding in contrast to short-term profitability rewarding. (d) The life cycle concept helps managers
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COST AND MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING Target Costing at Toyota Akriti Kapoor 11PGDM003 Section A Introduction There are numerous differences between management practices in Western companies and companies in Japan. One of the main differences is related to cost reduction. A manager in Europe or the United States generally expects to use cost information to make decisions about pricing and investments‚ while a Japanese manager expects to use cost information to control costs. Toyota uses cost
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In this modern era‚ the traditional medicine is still important to society. Nowadays‚ most people in Zambia are resorting to traditional healers and herbalists who claim that are able to solve problems ranging from bringing good luck‚ penis enlargement‚ beauty enhancement‚ passing examinations among others. Traditional healers are people who make others believe in their customs and practices in order to make them get well or to heal them while herbalists give medicinal herbs which are mainly extracted
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Due to a clerical error‚ a company overstated by $50‚000 the amount of inventory on hand at the end of the year. Will net income for the year be overstated or understated? Identify the two accounts on the year-end balance sheet that will be in error and indicate whether they will be understated or overstated. Error: The ending inventory is overstated by $50‚000. Effect on net income: When the ending inventory is overstated‚ then‚ the cost of goods sold expense will be understated as the ending inventory
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Marginal Costing is ascertainment of the marginal cost which varies directly with the volume of production by differentiating between fixed costs and variable costs andfinally ascertaining its effect on profit. The basic assumptions made by marginal costing are following: - Total variable cost is directly proportion to the level of activity. However‚ variable cost per unit remains constant at all the levels of activities. - Per unit selling price remains constant at all levels of activities. -
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