The relevance of Arthur Lewis’ “Industrialization by Invitation” Model to Contemporary Caribbean society According to Nassur Mustapha‚ development is defined as‚ ‘the progressive process of human‚ cultural‚ political‚ and economic and social change‚ which shapes people’s lives.’ The southern countries and particularly the Caribbean have been classified as developing countries‚ which are still somewhat dependent on the metropolis’ which once colonized them. It was Sir Arthur Lewis who first formulated
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CORPORATE DIVIDEND PRACTICE One consideration is the desire to have a relatively stable dividend; the second is the desire to pay out‚ in the long run‚ a given fraction of earnings. This fraction is usually referred to as the payout target. These objectives may be conflicting. Earnings tend to fluctuate substantially from year to year. If a corporation routinely paid out a given fraction of those earnings as dividends‚ then the dividend itself would tend to fluctuate drastically from year to year
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we know how to value options on a stock paying a dividend yield‚ we know how to value options on stock indices and currencies." Explain this statement. A stock index is similar to a stock paying a dividend yield‚ only if the dividend yield is the dividend yield of the index. Currencies are similar to a stock paying a dividend yield‚ the dividend yield being the foreign risk-free interest rate. 15.3) A stock index is currently 300‚ the dividend yield on the index is 3% per annum‚ and the risk-free
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The Classical Management Theory is thought to have originated around the year 1900 and dominated management thinking into the 1920s‚ focusing on the efficiency of the work process. It has three schools of thinking: Scientific management‚ which looks at ‘the best way’ to do a job; Bureaucratic management‚ which focuses on rules and procedures‚ hierarchy and clear division of labour; and Administrative management‚ which emphasises the flow of information within the organisation. Scientific Management
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THE SETTING OF DIVIDEND POLICY Dividend policy is likely to be set in the form of a goal rather than a rigid rule‚ even though a definite policy has the advantage of providing the investor‚ or potential investor‚ a clear basis for choice. Investors knowing the dividend policy of the alternative companies can choose the type of company that best fits their individual investment goals. This is desirable‚ because stockholders differ in the extent to which they prefer dividends rather than opportunities
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Paying out dividends belongs to the easiest way to communicate financial well-being and shareholder value‚ since they are sending out a powerful message about future prospects and performances. The willingness‚ and also the ability of companies to pay out steady dividends and maybe even to increase them‚ provides the shareholder with valuable information about the company ’s fundamentals. Wherever you are looking for information regarding dividends‚ you will find statements about their affection
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there since the much criticized theory of Malthus in 18th century. Economist focused on the size of population and the growth of nation‚ but the composition of population age structure was not considered until the study of Coale and Hoover (1958)‚ but in recent years‚ demographers Bloom et al have studied the type of composition of age structure of population and its effect on economic growth and the concept of “demographic dividend” emerged. Demographic dividend is defined as a rise in the rate
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THE EXCHANGE OFFER6EVALUATION OF THE TRADE-OFF7REFERENCES10INTRODUCTIONA firm’s decisions about dividends are often mixed up with other financing and investment decisions. Some firms pay low dividends because management is optimistic about the firm’s future and wishes to retain earnings for expansion. Other firms might finance capital expenditures largely by borrowing. All the above are examples of dividend policies which can be defined more precisely as the trade-off between retaining earnings on the
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Traditional and Nontraditional Cultures of India and the United StatesTraditional and nontraditional cultures incorporate different sets of beliefs‚ values and behaviors into the individuals involved within each culture. Traditional cultures are cultures that are based largely on beliefs‚ rules‚ symbols and principles established predominately in the past and confined to regional boundaries (Shiraev & Levy‚ 2007). Nontraditional cultures are cultures that are based largely on modern beliefs‚ rules
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of people through the use of mass media (common system of symbols‚ signs and behavior). In this essay we look at some of the relevance of mass communication and mass media in our lives and how it has affected us in the 21st Century. Mass communication is weaved into the fabric of our lives immensely. Mass Communication has emerged greatly in the 21st century from traditional hard copy media such as books and magazines‚ due to the invention of satellite communication which has resulted in inventions
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