Explain the key features of Utilitarianism. Utilitarianism is the belief that the rightness of an action‚ rule or principle is to be judged by its presumed consequences. Whilst Kant developed his view that human beings were rational animals who can develop a moral society based on reason. Kant based his moral philosophy on what he regards as a priori knowledge. Utilitarian’s in coming to a conclusion about the rightness of an action‚ rule or principle‚ are forced to answer two fundamental moral
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In the chapter John Stuart Mill provides an argument that utilitarianism should answer before it can be valid. One of those criteria is happiness and in fact the only one‚ and in order to prove this‚ one must prove that happiness is the only thing people desire. Mill then goes on in an attempt to prove this and takes into account many arguments‚ but then disregards them by saying the ultimate end goal of those arguments is happiness‚ or at least the root of them were‚ and it makes sense. It makes
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being should find virtuous but also people can have different beliefs on virtues specifically for them. Utilitarianism is act orientated rather than agent orientated. So in this view it describes actions that will get us what we want. Virtue ethics is agent orientated where actions are devised by what we desire while using reason. This reasoning is the action any “good” person would do. Utilitarianism believes in the same consequence for each situation. This outcome is happiness. Virtue ethics considers
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Questions:You will be given a moral dilemma and asked to apply either Utilitarianism or Kant’s moral theory to the situation Things to consider when applying the ethical theories Utilitarianism: For utilitarianism‚ you need to remember that we are concerned with the greatest amount of happiness for the greatest number of people (and Mill will consider the happiness of animals to a lesser extent if applicable). * So for Utilitarianism you will first need to consider who is involved in the situation
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sentences) Aristotle – Virtue Ethics Mill – Utilitarianism Kant – Deontology Consequentialism Noddings – Care Ethics Aristotle believed that we as humans have natural obligations that provide happiness. Happiness consists of pleasure and the capacity to develop reasoning. For J.S. Mill‚ decreasing pain and increasing pleasure is good. However‚ not all pleasure is the same. Mill argues that intellectual pleasures are superior to bodily pleasures (Mill‚ Utilitarianism‚ Chapter 2). Rationality seperates us
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* * * * * * Ethical Problems of Gambling * Michele Gioxaris * SOC 120 * Instructor Gerczyk * February 13‚ 2012 Ethical Problems of Gambling Gambling can become a serious addiction and just as serious as alcohol or drug abuse. Some find gambling to be a distraction taking them away from the problems of their everyday life. Many examples of gambling are sports betting and casinos‚ which are illegal in most states‚ horse betting‚ card playing‚ playing
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Utilitarianism- Journal Questions (Formative Assessment) 1a) What are the strengths of Utilitarianism? 1b) Utilitarianism has several limitations. Identify two limitations and suggest improvements to Utilitarianism that enable it to avoid these limitations. Utilitarianism is a consequentialist theory: it holds that we ought to act in whatever way has the best consequences (i.e. the greatest "utility"). For most utilitarians‚ this means maximising the good and minimising the bad. Utilitarianism
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to balance the greatest pleasure over suffering. (Waller‚ 2008‚ p. 50) According to utilitarian John Stuart Mill‚ “Actions are right as they tend to promote happiness‚ wrong as they tend to produce pain or the reverse of happiness.” (Defining Utilitarianism) Jeremy Bentham’s Hedonic Calculus of utilitarian ethics states that we should always try to perform that act that leads to the greatest pleasure. “This raises the question as to how we are to quantify pleasure; if we cannot put a value on the
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“Is the ‘philosophy of swine’ objection a telling criticism of Utilitarian theory? Why or why not?” Philosophy of swine. This was mentioned by Mill criticizing Bentham’s utilitarianism. Before looking at Mill’s criticism‚ historical background of the birth of utilitarianism should be discussed ahead. Utilitarianism arose in the Industrial Revolution period. As nations became industrialized in the eighteenth century‚ bourgeois: an industrial middle class‚ appeared demanding new political and
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Deontological ethics is too rigid in its emphasis on duties‚ utilitarian ethics too keen to override basic human rights. Deontology and utilitarianism are both types of ethics referring to how one reacts in a certain situation. Deontology is based on following a set of duties and sticking to these duties no matter what the consequences whereas utilitarianism is based on choosing the best outcome over a short term and long term even if it means depriving people of basic human rights for example
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