Monetary Aid to Pakistani Villagers In this essay‚ I will argue that the theory of Utilitarianism presents resilient‚ compelling arguments that exemplifies why we have a moral obligation to donate money to help the Pakistani villagers affected by recent floods. Though the argument put forth by Ethical Egoists in favor of donating money to the Pakistanis is convincing‚ it lacks the quantitative validation that Utilitarianism provides. The Perspective of an Ethical Egoist Ethical Egoism is a consequentialist
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Virtuous decisions of photographers Publishing photographs that show personal tragedy and are questionable in their moral standards with those concerning privacy and those about inflicting additional harm on victims can be supported by Aristotle’s Virtue Ethics. This should be supported because‚ as a news organization‚ photographing what is seen shows the magnitude of the situation and documents as it happened. The publication of graphic material such as was seen in the Bakersfield Californian
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to the promotion of pleasure and the prevention of pain.” ( Mill. Utilitarianism. 10). He does not acknowledge that pain and misery may actually bring about happiness‚ this is one of the major flaws in his principle. “… the enjoyment here consisted precisely in the hyperconsciousness
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people who are able to live in excess should work towards reducing poverty among others‚ not enhance their own comfortable conditions. According to Singer’s Utilitarianism‚ the proper course of action is one that maximizes utility. This is defined specifically as maximizing happiness and reducing suffering. According to extreme utilitarianism‚ the moral worth of an action is determined only by its resulting outcome‚ thereby focusing primarily on the consequences of the action. However‚ can that
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the question to whether his actions were moral or immoral must be raised. The stance that this essay will take in answering this question is the Utilitarian standpoint described by John Stuart Mill. Utilitarianism must be defined if to be applied to this question. Before Mill‚ Utilitarianism promoted the idea of utility‚ or the promotion of pleasure over pain. Pleasure is then described as a happiness that all people wish to achieve. John Stuart Mill goes further to contribute that “some kinds
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method of justifying his acts of deception is a form of moral reasoning that is called "utilitarianism." Stripped down to its essentials‚ utilitarianism is a moral principle that holds that the morally right course of action in any situation is the one that produces the greatest balance of benefits over harms for everyone affected. So long as a course of action produces maximum benefits for everyone‚ utilitarianism does not care whether the benefits are produced by lies‚ manipulation‚
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Few people demonstrate that they act out of self-interest. Being selfish isn’t a very nice way to act. It is always clear what is in one’s self-interest. All of the above Question 4. 4. The challenge in applying utilitarianism is that (Points : 1) it cannot distinguish among different kinds of pleasures. it is difficult to calculate the various benefits involved. it can lead to the tyranny of the majority. all of the above.
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happy‚ and what the right thing is‚ in the eyes of other people. Many people would say that we are selfish if we chose something that made us happy‚ over something that satisfies and makes our families who are more people happy. The principle of utilitarianism‚ which demands individuals to base their actions on what will make most people happy‚ is praised and seen as a good thing in society even if it means that those individuals are themselves not happy. Contrary to what society thinks is the right
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and Y negative consequences. Therefore‚ it would be morally correct to choose A or B based on the highest number of positive consequences or the lowest number of negative consequences. In the words of Michael Sandel in his book Justice‚ “Its (utilitarianism) main idea is simply stated and intuitively appealing: The highest principle of morality is to maximize happiness‚ the overall balance of pleasure over pain.” The idea
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NORMATIVE ETHICAL THEORIES Objective • Discuss the normative ethical theories L2: Normative Ethical Theories Beliefs about how people should behave can be classified into at least 2 major categories: Teleological theories (Consequentialism) Right actions are those that produce the most or optimize the consequences of one’s choices. Behaviour is ‘ethical’ if it results in desirable behaviour 1. 2. 3. 4. Ethical egoism Ethical elitism Ethical parochialism Ethical universalism Deontological theories
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