widespread corruption for many years. For 2012‚ China was ranked 80th out of 178 countries in Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions Index‚ ranking below the most of developed countries. This severe problem has become the target of public criticism. The 2002 Mainland China national survey‚ a part of the Asian Barometer Survey I‚ indicated that almost half of people view corruption in government as a common and serious problem. Then what are the determinants of corruption? According
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In philosophical‚ theological‚ or moral discussions‚ corruption is spiritual or moral impurity or deviation from an ideal. Corruption may include many activities including bribery and embezzlement. Government‚ or ’political’‚ corruption occurs when an office-holder or other governmental employee acts in an official capacity for personal gain. The word corrupt when used as an adjective literally means "utterly broken".[1] The word was first used by Aristotle and later by Cicero who added the terms
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behavior is the Nigeria Oil‚ its oil have brought great revenues to the country. Actually‚ Nigeria is listed among the “NEXT ELEVEN” economic. Now day‚ the corruption in this vast country is become as normal operation; people talk bribery before laws or rules. In Africa‚ Nigeria as known as the best place for business because of its level of corruption‚ it’s easy to have anything with couple dollars or Naira (Nigeria money). Who was involved? In this case‚ the guilty man is James Ibori; Ibori
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Corruption undermines human development and democracy. It reduces access to public services by diverting public resources for private gain. The real costs of corruption were highlighted by the UN Secretary-General in his 2009 statement for the International Anti-Corruption Day: "When public money is stolen for private gain‚ it means fewer resources to build schools‚ hospitals‚ roads and water treatment facilities. When foreign aid is diverted into private bank accounts‚ major infrastructure projects
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CORRUPTION Corruption is a feature of African‚ social‚ political and even religious life with disastrous consequences. It not only impedes economy development but also increases poverty by making a few individuals richer and many poorer. So corruption can be defined as making someone morally corrupt or becoming morally corrupt oneself. Forms of corruption Bribery-This is giving money or favors to someone who is in a position of trust‚ in order to prevent their judgments or corrupt their conduct
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Corruption in any form is treated as an incurable disease‚ a cause of many social and economical evils in the society and it damages the moral and ethical fibres of the civilization. Indisputably‚ it is correct that corruption breeds many evils in the society and once corruption starts taking place‚ slowly and gradually whole country passes through its net and it becomes after sometime an incurable disease. From the point of view of economic growth‚ there seems to be no clear cut correlation between
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THE CAUSES OF CORRUPTION: A CROSS-NATIONAL STUDY Why is corruption—defined here as the misuse of public office for private gain—perceived to be more widespread in some countries than others? Different theories associate cross-national variation in the extent of corruption with particular historical and cultural traditions‚ levels of economic development‚ political institutions‚ and government policies. This paper analyzes which of various plausible determinants are significantly related to an
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CORRUPTION: The long and short of it The recent turn of events in our country point towards a mass awakening to the scar of corruption and deeply it has trickled down into the grass roots of each and every sphere of India. People‚ rather the masses‚ are waking up and smelling the coffee and taking law in their own hands by questioning the government about each and every step taken by them in the past few years. The motto seems to be “civil disobedience”‚ a far cry from the peaceful protests held
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insignificant issues are much able to challenge the continual process of governance. Among these issues poverty ‚unemployment‚ corruption ‚different kinds of bandhs‚ dharanas‚ terrorism‚ web activism ‚degradation of the environment can be cited as the major challenges that are enough to shatter the very structure of democratic governance in India. Corruption – a social malady- hold its strong grip over the every human activities ranging from cradle to grave. A recent survey gave the
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Introduction Corruption is defined by the World Bank and Transparency International (TI) as “the misuse of public office for private gain.”1 Though the defination is too narrow in meaning but Corruption is a global phenomenon. It articulates the whole system from primary to secondary level government and non-government officials. It is so involved in our social system that is today necessity to have it for development of low economic disables. The graveness of this menace can be observed from the
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