Unit 2 Lecture Study Guide 1) What are the parts of an atom? Where are the subatomic particles found? The atoms are the smallest units of matter with their own chemical characteristics. The atoms are divided into 2 parts. The first part is the central nucleus and the electron cloud. The central nucleus contains very heavy particles and the electron cloud contains very light moving particles. The subatomic particles are the protons‚ neutrons‚ and the electrons. They are located
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that adds more telomere‚ activity differs during dif parts of life span‚ very active in young‚ low in somatic cells of adults‚ cancer cells shows increased telomerase activity TRANSCRIPTION: 2 strands ‚ TEMPLATE STRAND used to make mRNA ‚ only promoter( signals start of transcription) and terminator(end of transcription) are used ! -RNA POLYMERASE- adds nucleotide using base pair rules to create mRNA‚ no "T" in RNA "U" instead -mRNA PROCESSING- splicing- sections are removed from pre mRNA and
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Chapter 10 and 11– Homework 1. Describe the stages of transcription. Initiation- Initiator tRNA binds to small ribosomal subunit. Small subunit/tRNA complex attaches to mRNA and moves along it to an AUG “start” codon. Large ribosomal subunit joins complex. Initiation must occur in the order listed above. Elongation- mRNA passes through ribosomal subunits. tRNAs deliver amino acids to the ribosomal binding site in the order specified by the mRNA. Peptide bonds form between the amino acids and
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mRNAmessengertakes the message from DNA to the ribosome; 2. rRNAribosomalthe ribosomes are made of RNA; 3. tRNAtransferbrings amino acids to the mRNA‚ about 80 nucleotides long. There are two different types of processes called transcription‚ and translation.
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occur in a cell? 1) 2) E. Transcription a. What is transcription? b. What does RNA do? c. Describe the structure of RNA d. How is RNA formed? e. Describe how an RNA strand is complementary to a DNA strand. f. Which bases on DNA lead to which bases occurring on RNA? g. Describe the general steps in transcription. h. What happens after this RNA is created? F. Translation a. What is translation and where does it occur? b. How are
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pentose sugar and phosphoric acid E. Protein Synthesis Demonstrate a knowledge of the basic steps of protein synthesis‚ identifying the roles of DNA‚ mRNA‚ and ribosomes in the process of transcription and translation Transcription RNA molecule makes complementary copy of DNA RNA goes into cytoplasm Translation Initiation: mRNA brings copy of DNA to ribosomal subunit‚ where when attached‚ becomes ribosome Elongation: tRNA brings amino
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been removed. These are the breaks where polymerase was unable to replicate because the RNA primer was originally present. DNA ligase joins the strands of the Okazaki fragments together‚ resulting in one continuous strand. mRNA in transcription and translation ("Transc‚" n.d.‚ figure 3.5.4) The Death Cap Mushroom The Death Cap Mushroom The Death Cap Mushroom in appearance‚ looks like many other edible mushrooms. However‚ its toxins can kill an animal or human in just a few days. There is
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own set of DNA. Of course none of us were the same so we had different DNA. We are also made out of a bunch of atoms that replicate to make new life forms. 2) Transcription is the process of DNA being read and a messenger RNA is made. Translation is the messenger being read and the protein built. Both transcription and translation is the process needed in order to create a new life form. 3) Evolution 4) RNA was the molecule that did it all. Everything started with those molecules. Nothing
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Exam 1: The complete set of hereditary information carried by an organism is its genome Human DNA contains 20% C on a molar basis. What are the mole percents of A‚ G‚ and T? A- 30% G- 20% T- 30% In a polynucleotide‚ a phosphate group is linked to the 3’ and 5’ carbons 2 pentoses Which of the following is a transition mutation? A-T —> G-C - transition= purine —> purine or pyrimidine —> pyrimidine - Purines- GA - Pyrimidines- CT The basic building block of nucleic acids is the nucleotide
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Biology‚ 7e (Campbell) Chapter 16: The Molecular Basis of Inheritance Chapter Questions 1) For a couple of decades‚ biologists knew the nucleus contained DNA and proteins. The prevailing opinion was that the genetic material was proteins‚ and not DNA. The reason for this belief was that proteins are more complex than DNA. This is because A) proteins have a greater variety of three-dimensional forms than does DNA. B) proteins have two different levels of structural organization; DNA has
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