ABSTRACT Capacitance measurement is of immense importance in the field of electronics. An instrument that measures capacitance to accuracy better than 0.5% has been improvised and rendered auto-ranging by means of an 89c51 circuit. The principle is that of a “direct” or fundamental principle of the time constant of the component. For e.g.‚ the time taken to charge a capacitor to 50% of the applied voltage is given by 0.5 V = V (1- exp (-t/τ) ) The value of t is determined as 0.69314718τ. Knowing
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The DVR shown in Fig. 3.1 is based on an inverter system that has energy storage for supplying active power‚ an output filter to make more sinusoidal voltage‚ and a step up transformer. The DVR is one of the FACTS devices that use the power electronics technology‚ especially inverter technology and is configured as a series-connected voltage controller. To control the output voltage of the DVR‚ the inverter supplies the missing
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International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology E-ISSN 2277 – 4106‚ P-ISSN 2347 - 5161 ® ©2014 INPRESSCO ‚ All Rights Reserved Available at http://inpressco.com/category/ijcet Case Study Estimation of Cost Analysis for 500kW Grid Connected Solar Photovoltaic Plant: A Case Study Vinay Janardhan ShettyȦ* and Keerti KulkarniȦ Ȧ Electrical & Electronics‚ Shri Dharmasthala Manjunateshwar College of Engineering and Technology‚Dharwad-India-580002 Accepted 20 May 2014‚ Available online 01
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electricity flows from the power plant through wires to the step up transformer and then the transformer raises the pressure so it can travel long distances and then it raised as high as 756‚000 volts. Electric current then it runs through the power lines to the substation transformer where the pressure is lowered to between 2000 and 13000 volts. Then the electricity is taken through the lines to a pole transformer and a transformer box if underground and the pressure is lowered again to between 120
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Bachelor of Electronic Engineering and Computer Engineering (BENE) 1B021110140 2B021110237 3B021110216 Abstract— balanced ring modulator is a type of modulator that the diodes are arranged like a ring. In balanced ring modulator‚ there are also transformers and the carrier. This type of modulator is like bridge modulator. However‚ the arrangement of the diodes are different from bridge rectifier either in clockwise or anticlockwise. For the operation of the balanced ring modulator‚ the output of the
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into line-frequency (or "conventional") and switching power supplies. The line-frequency supply is usually a relatively simple design‚ but it becomes increasingly bulky and heavy for high-current equipment due to the need for large mains-frequency transformers and heat-sinked electronic regulation circuitry. Conventional line-frequency power supplies are sometimes called "linear‚" but that is a misnomer because the conversion from AC voltage to DC is inherently non-linear when the rectifiers feed into
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General Communications Architecture The Transformer Substations monitor the distributed MCUs using the Gridkey Protocol implemented over TCP/IP (PRIME). TCP/IP Prime Modems are installed at the Substations and at each remote MCU location. Communications from the Transformer Substation to central server is based on GPRS. A central M2M Gateway manages both security and routing between any configured VPN tunnels. A number of options are available for the locations of the central M2M Gateway
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Week #7 Chapter 10 Static and Current Electricity Exercises (p.221) 6. Strictly speaking‚ will a penny be slightly more massive if it has a negative charge or a positive charge? Explain. A negative charge because when it is negatively charged electrons are added to the penny. 17. What is the voltage at the location of a 0.0001 C charge that has an electric potential energy of 0.5 J (both voltage and potential relative to the same reference point)? Potential = energy Charge = 0.5 J / 0.0001
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must get the regulated dual dc power supply. [pic]Fig: (1) Block Diagram of the Regulated Dual Voltage DC Power Supply CHAPTER 2 TRANSFORMERS These are components which only work with alternating currents and are used to transform or change an alternating voltage up or down. 2.1 Working Principle of a Transformer A transformer is a device that (i) transfer electric power from one circuit to another (ii) it does so without a change of frequency iii) it accomplishes
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long a fault lasts and Neutral grounding resistors limit how large the fault current is. Top Importance of Neutral Grounding There are many neutral grounding options available for both Low and Medium voltage power systems. The neutral points of transformers‚ generators and rotating machinery to the earth ground network provides a reference point of zero volts. This protective measure offers many advantages over an ungrounded system‚ like: 1. Reduced magnitude of transient over voltages 2
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