BC546; BC547; BC548 NPN general purpose transistors Product specification 1997 Mar 04 Supersedes data of September 1994 File under Discrete Semiconductors‚ SC04 Philips Semiconductors Product specification NPN general purpose transistors BC546; BC547; BC548 FEATURES Low current (max. 100 mA) Low voltage (max. 65 V). APPLICATIONS General purpose switching and amplification. DESCRIPTION NPN transistor in a TO-92; SOT54 plastic package. PNP complements:
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Cyrel Justine G. Lonzame VI Sta. Rita de Cascia Generations of Computers First Generation Computer During the period of 1940 to 1956 first generation of computers were developed. The first generation computers used vacuum tubesfor circuitry and magnetic drums for memory‚ and were often enormous‚ taking up entire rooms. The vacuum tube was developed by Lee DeForest. A vacuum tube is a device generally used to amplify
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move‚ which is the entire basis of electricity. Moving electrons power the circuits that allow radios‚ televisions‚ lights and every other electronic device to work. Transistor * A transistor is the most basic part of a computer that has allowed for the creation of computer chips and has fueled the computer age. The transistor was developed through a breakthrough in solid state physics---the invention of the semiconductor. Semiconductors are simply pieces of elements that act differently under
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8 bit CPU designed by Intel • Introduced April 1‚ 1972 • Clock rate 200 kHz (8008–1: 800 kHz) • 0.05 MIPS • Bus Width 8 bits (multiplexed address/data due to limited pins) • Enhancement load PMOS logic • Number of Transistors 3‚500 at 10 µm • Addressable memory 16 KB • Typical in early 8 bit microcomputers‚ dumb terminals‚ general calculators‚ bottling machines • Developed in tandem with 4004 • Originally intended for use in the Data point 2200 microcomputer
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[pic] **** 2011 **** ELE569 MICROWAVE ELECTRONICS Duration: 2 hours 30 minutes YOU ARE NOT PERMITTED TO READ THE CONTENTS OF THIS QUESTION PAPER UNTIL INSTRUCTED TO DO SO BY AN INVIGILATOR. Answer FOUR Questions. The Smith Chart is Attached. calculators arE permitted in this examination. Please state on your answer book the name and type of machine used. Complete all rough workings in the answer book and cross through any work which is not to be assessed. important
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5. Electronic components used 6.14 Resistors 25 6.15 Capacitors 27 6.16 Diodes 30 6.17 Zener diodes 33 6.18 Light emitting diodes 34 6.19 Relays 37 6.20 Transistors 40 6.21 Switches 42 6.22 Connectors and cables 43 7. Advantages 46 8. Applications 47 9. Conclusion 48 10. Reference 49 Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION
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as the fuel level is available up to the sensor‚ the base gets positive drive to the transistor base. The transistor is ON‚ the collector goes at zero potential. This is the low logic level. This is treated as the‚ healthy condition. NO announciation is there at output. If the fuel level in a tank drops below a certain level‚ the safety level sensor is open.This will cause to cut the base bias of the transistor. As the base bias is cut‚ the collector goes at higher logic potential. This logic pulse
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a computer system. The first microprocessor was the Intel 4004‚ introduced in 1971. It was not very powerful‚ it could do only add and subtract. It was 4 bit chip. Prior to the 4004‚ engineers built computers either from collections of chips‚ transistors and other components. The 4004 powered one of the first portable electronic calculators. ------------------------------------------------- Intel 4004Busicom Calculators 4004/Core duo wafer Cited from http://www.intel.com/museum/archives/history_docs/index
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principle of oscillation which is a periodic fluctuation between the maximum and minimum value of the quantity. Oscillators mainly consist of two parts: the active circuit and the resonator. In active circuit there are active circuit elements like transistors or op-amps. Capacitors (C)‚ Inductor (L) and resistors (R) makes the resonator and the frequency of the oscillator is determined by the resonator. An oscillator can be designed in many ways and the main types of the oscillators are: RC Oscillator
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------------------------------------------------- Automatic Bidirectional Visitor Counter Project Report Table of Contents Executive Summary2 Introduction2 Working2 Components Used3 89C513 Light emitting diodes (LEDs) 4 Infrared Sensors 4 Seven Segment Display 6 Transistors 7 Circuitry7 Applications8 Future Development8 Conclusion8 1. Executive Summary The objective of the project was to create a circuit with an 8051 microcontroller that senses when an object passed through an infrared receiver’s receive
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