Fundamentals of Distance Protection GE Multilin Outline • Transmission line introduction • What is distance protection? • Non-pilot and pilot schemes • Redundancy considerations • Security for dual-breaker terminals • Out-of-step relaying • Single-pole tripping • Series-compensated lines 2/ GE / December 7‚ 2014 Transmission Lines A Vital Part of the Power System: • Provide path to transfer power between generation and load • Operate at voltage levels from 69kV to 765kV • Deregulated markets
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Fundamental Dimension Limits of Antennas Ensuring Proper Antenna Dimensions in Mobile Device Designs Randy Bancroft Centurion Wireless Technologies Westminster‚ Colorado Abstract–The electronics industry has historically decreased the physical dimensions of their product offerings. In the age of wireless products this drive to miniaturize continues. Antennas are critical devices that enable wireless products. Unfortunately‚ system designers often choose antenna dimensions in an ad hoc manner
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various agencies outside the Transco. 1. Transmission System Planning 2. Feasibility Report Preparation 3. Approval from Board of Directors/Government 4. Gazette Notification 5. Signing of Bulk Power Tariff Agreement. 6. Funding Tie up. 7. In Principle Approval from Ministry of Environment & Forest. 7. Design‚ Engineering & Specification finalization 1. Transmission System Planning & System Engineering Purpose: Transmission Planning Studies are carried out for
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What is the difference between Serial transmission and parallel transmission? Answer: Digital data transmission can occur in two basic modes: serial or parallel. Data within a computer system is transmitted via parallel mode on buses with the width of the parallel bus matched to the word size of the computer system. Data between computer systems is usually transmitted in bit serial mode . Consequently‚ it is necessary to make a parallel-to-serial conversion at a computer interface when sending
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Vehicle Design Transmissions Part 1 Dr. Alasdair Cairns Content • Transmission fundamentals – Principles of gears (revision) – Road load losses • Gear ratio optimisation – Performance – Fuel economy Transmissions – Overview Why do we need a gearbox in a road car? Transmissions – Practical Use Seven practical reasons why a gearbox is required: 1. To increase tractive effort when the vehicle is moved from rest 2. To improve hill climbing or descending ability
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TRANSMISSION LINES Introductory Lecture Engr. Duwi E. Iscala SoE/APC What are transmission lines? • Transmission lines are pieces of wire or cable used to carry telephone signals‚ computer data in LANs‚ TV signals in cable TV systems‚ and signals from a transmitter to an antenna‚ or vice versa. Transmission Line • Definition: – Any means of conveying signal or power from one point to another What are the different types of transmission lines? • Parallel-wire lines What are the
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Metallic Cable Transmission Media Introduction Transmission media -It is included in the lowest layer of the OSI protocol hierarchy – the physical layer. -Transmission medium is simply the path between a transmitter and a receiver in a communications system. Guided Transmission media -some form of conductor that provide conduit in which signals are contained -the conductor directs the signal examples: copper wire‚ optical fiber Unguided Transmission media -wireless systems – without
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Data transmission‚ digital transmission‚ or digital communications is the physical transfer of data (a digital bit stream) over a point-to-point or point-to-multipoint communication channel. Examples of such channels are copper wires‚ optical fibres‚ wireless communication channels‚ and storage media. The data are represented as an electromagnetic signal‚ such as an electrical voltage‚ radiowave‚ microwave‚ or infrared signal. Data representation can be divided into two categories: Digital
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Data transmission methods Transmission Transmission is the act of transporting information from one location to another via a signal. The signal may be analog or digital‚ and may travel in different media. Transmission: Communication of data by propagation and processing of signals. Signal processing is the representation‚ transformation and manipulation of signals plus the information they contain. Signal Types Signals: An electric or electromagnetic representations of data by which data is
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Automatic transmission modes[edit] Conventionally‚ in order to select the transmission operating mode‚ the driver moves a selection lever located either on the steering column or on the floor (as with a manual on the floor‚ except that most automatic selectors on the floor do not move in the same type of pattern as a manual lever; most automatic levers only move vertically). In order to select modes‚ or to manually select specific gear ratios‚ the driver must push a button in (called the shift lock
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