by Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver. It embodies the concepts of information source‚ message‚ transmitter‚ signal‚ channel‚ noise‚ receiver‚ information destination‚ probability of error‚ encoding‚ decoding‚ information rate‚ channel capacity‚ etc. a model which reduces communication to a process of ’transmitting information’. Components: o Information source o Transmitter o Channel o Receiver o Destination o Noise Physical Noise: a loud motorbike roaring down the road while you’re trying
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detailed by Wallace (2007‚ p. 25) is of a ‘transmitter’ transferring a message or information to a ‘receiver’. The key area‚ and one that is easily overlooked‚ is the return route from the receiver back to the transmitter. One first needs to ‘decode’ the message - Has the receiver got the message? Have they understood the message? This is where ‘feedback’ is essential‚ i.e. when the receiver can show they have understood. This could be a much as the receiver repeating the message back to the sender
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valuables with this microcontroller based security system that will let us rest our head knowing that should anyone trying to break into our home‚ an alarm will go off and the police will be alerted immediately. The transmitter section continuously transmits IR rays which are received by the receiver section. The received signal is further amplified and given to the PLL section‚ where its frequency is locked to the transmitted frequency. When the IR signal is interrupted‚ the microcontroller starts working
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PROJECT SYNOPSIS ON MICROCONTROLLER BASED ULTRASONIC DISTANCE MEASUREMENT ABSTRACT: The microcontroller based ultrasonic distance measuring device is a device used to calculate the distance between the ultrasonic transmitter/receiver and the object whose distance is to be measured. A microcontroller is used to calculate the delay time between the transmitted signal and the received signal. ULTRASONIC WAVES: Ultra means “beyond” and sonic means “sound”. Ultrasonic refers
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elements. The first five elements namely‚ Information Source‚ Transmitter‚ Channel‚ Receiver and Destination are all connected in a linear fashion. The sixth element‚ Noise Source‚ is connected to the Channel. The model is illustrated below (Figure 1). Figure 1: Mathematical Theory of Communication The Information Source is what produces the message. A Transmitter encodes the message into a signal and is passed through a Channel. The Receiver then decodes a message from the signal and is passed to
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Linear Model of Communication It is a one way model to communicate with others. It consists of the sender encoding a message and channeling it to the receiver in the presence of noise. Draw backs – the linear model assumes that there is a clear cut beginning and end to communication. It also displays no feedback from the receiver. • For example; a letter‚ email‚ text message‚ lecture. There are two main linear model which are used to explain the human communication process. They are .
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.........15 4. SYSTEM SPECIFICATION ……………………………16 4.1 8051 Microcontroller…………………………………………16 4.2 LCD 16*2…………………………………………………….28 4.3 Stepper motor………………………………………………...32 4.4 ULN 2003…………………………………………………….34 4.5 RF transmitter and receiver…………………………………..35 4.6 IR sensor module……………………………………………..37 4.7 About keil compiler ………………………………………….39 5. FLOWCHART.......................................................................41 5.1 Working…………………………………………………………
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alert system is proposed to alert for congestion condition and avoid further deterioration of traffic .The system can be deployed on already existing GSM network .It uses sensors‚ transmitters‚ receivers‚ GSM modem ‚ microcontroller and LCD screen. Sensors are placed on the lanes to monitor traffic. Transmitter‚ receiver and LCD screen are placed at every junction. SIM card is inserted into GSM modem and the system is powered on. Modem registers itself to GSM network.SIM numbers of neighboring GSM
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modes.”[1] Communication requires a sender‚ a message‚ and a recipient‚ although the receiver doesn’t have to be present or aware of the sender’s intent to communicate at the time of communication; thus communication can occur across vast distances in time and space. Communication requires that the communicating parties share an area of communicative commonality. The communication process is complete once the receiver has understood the message of the sender. Communication is transfer of information
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contains two infrared transmitters‚ near or on top of television. While the player uses the Wii Remote‚ the Wii game console determines the remote’s location by calculating the distance and angle between the Wii Remote and two transmitters on the sensor bar. Determining the location of the Wii remote is relatively simple because the sensor bar. Determining the location of a Wii Remote is relatively simple because the sensor bar contains only two fixed points: the transmitters. A more complex application
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