The metencephalon is also located in the hindbrain. This plays a role in reticular formation. The metencephalon is composed of the pons and cerebellum‚ contains part of the fourth ventricle‚ the trigeminal nerve‚ abducens nerve‚ facial nerves‚ and a portion of the vestibulocochlear nerve. The pons combine with the cerebellum and create two divisions in the metencephalon. The cerebellum is responsible for motor function and if damaged‚ can impair normal motor functioning. The metencephalon
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the ________ system controls brain and spinal cord central The ________ nervous system controls the skeletal muscles. autonomic parasympathetic afferent sympathetic somatic somatic The part of the peripheral nervous system that carries sensory information to the CNS is designated autonomic. motor. afferent. efferent. somatic. afferent The efferent division of the peripheral nervous system innervates: glandular cells heart muscle cells smooth muscle cells skeletal muscle cells All of
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the headaches occur when a trigeminal-autonomic reflex pathway in the brainstem is activated”. Although much about the cause of migraines isn’t understood‚ genetics and environmental factors seem to play a role (Mayo Clinic‚ 2011). Interactions with the Trigeminal nerve and changes in the brainstem may be involved as well as imbalances in the brain chemicals‚ including Serotonin. Serotonin levels seem to drop during a migraine‚ and this could trigger the trigeminal system to release substances
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Sports Injury’s By: Debbie Bryan {draw:frame} In this paper you will understand how in the different sport you can have different injury’s relating to the different sports. Like in basketball you will see more knee and ankle injuries. I will show how doing different things wrong will cause you to get hurt. You have different types of injuries for the different sports. I feel you can take the right measures to make sure you have a safe sport career by taking the right steps to keeping yourself
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Medial/Lateral Condyle Fibula A/V-Shaft is Lateral Surface‚ Lateral Malleolus. P/V Apex‚ Head of Fibula‚ Lateral M. Nerves of arm-Ulna nerve‚ Median nerve‚ Musculocutaneous‚ Axillary nerve Nerves of Leg-Sciatic nerve-Common fibular nerve‚ Superficial fibular nerve‚ Deep fibular nerve-Tibial Nerve Nerves of brain-I‚Olfactory nve. II‚ Optic nve. III‚ Oculomotor nve. IV‚ Trochlear nve. V‚ Trigeminal nve. VI‚ Abducens nve. VII‚ Facial nve. VIII‚ Vestibulocochlear nve. IX‚ Glossopharyngeal nve. X‚ Vagus nve.
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Price (2000) classify pain into two types. First‚ nociceptive pain‚ refers to acute sensation triggered by stimulation of pain receptors‚ usually as a result of injury. It has a very useful‚ protective role. Second type‚ neuropathic pain‚ relates to nerve injury or dysfunction of the nervous system. This essay is going to explain mechanisms of central and peripheral neuropathic pain. It will describe causes and symptoms and provide some examples of common neuropathic syndromes. This piece will also
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equally reactive and regular. A normal pupil is black. An irregular pupil may result from trauma‚ previous surgery‚ or a disease process. The patient’s eyes are observed in primary or direct gaze‚ and any head tilt is noted. A tilt may indicate cranial nerve palsy. The patient is asked to stare at a target; each eye is covered and uncovered quickly while the examiner looks for any shift in gaze. The examiner observes for nystagmus (ie‚ oscillating movement of the eyeball). The extraocular movements of
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Acoustic Neuroma. Something I’ve never heard of‚ you probably have. The eighth cranial nerve‚ which will be referred to as the auditory nerve for simplicity‚ consists of the cochlear and vestibular divisions. These two divisions‚ running from the inner ear to the brain‚ are responsible for transmitting information about hearing and maintaining balance‚ respectively. When the Schwann cells (used to keep peripheral nerve fibers alive) that surround the vestibular division grow at an abnormal rate inside if the ear canal
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neurotransmitter and xenobiotics capable of disturbing neural function. The Twelve Cranial Nerves There are twelve pairs of cranial nerves‚ all of which originate from the brain stem. The table below shows the twelve cranial nerves and their major functions. A mnemonic often used to help memorize the nerves is: “On old Olympic towering tops a Finn and German viewed some hops.” Cranial Nerve Functions Associated With Each Nerve Pair I. Olfactory ·
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TRGP In meninges‚ 5-HT acts through 5-HT receptors to Block the release of inflammatory chemical ………………………………………………… ----> In brainstem‚ 5-HT acts through 5-HT receptors to Block the pain impulses …………………………..and central brain perception Trigeminal nerve. via
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