stimulated muscle which is higher than the threshold voltage for the directly stimulated nerve‚ 10 mV. The direct stimulation of the muscle required a higher voltage in order to get a contraction. This most likely occurs for two reasons. First is the fact that once a nerve reaches its threshold voltage‚ it perpetuates the action potential down the nerve to the muscle. This brings us to the second reason‚ the nerve branches out and reaches many thousand parts of the muscle‚ which all get depolarized
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Sample Physiology MCQs 1. Compound action potentials can be graded responses. True 2. The sciatic nerve contains axons of both afferent and efferent neurones. True 3. The absolute refractory period of an action potential is the period after an initial stimulus when it is impossible to evoke another action potential with a second stimulus. True 4. The refractory periods of individual axons are important as they dictate the maximal action potential firing rate of a neuron. True 5. Compound action
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The nerve impulse The information is transmitted by polarity changes in the membranes of cells due to the presence of neurotransmitters that alter the ionic concentration inside the cell. Moreover‚ inside the neuron proteins and ions are negatively charged . This difference in ion concentration also produces a potential difference between the outer membrane and within the cell . The value reached is about -70 millivolts (negative inside with respect to the value of positive charges outside
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1. Why did Allen’s heart rate and blood pressure fall in this time of emergency (i.e. at a time when you’d expect just the opposite homeostatic response)? Pg. 969 This occurred because Allen’s spinal cord has decreased perfusion due to damage‚ and a broken vertebral bone. Also‚ there has been a disruptions of the sympathetic fibers of his autonomic nervous system therefore it can no longer stimulate the heart. Allen likely has spinal shock. 2. Upon admission to the hospital‚ Allen’s breathing
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Outline The human cerebrum controls every substantial capacity and translates data from the body’s environment. Knowledge‚ imagination‚ feeling‚ and memory are a couple of more things administered by the cerebrum. Secured by the skull‚ the mind is made of parts called the cerebrum‚ cerebellum‚ and brainstem. The brainstem goes about as a hand-off focus interfacing the cerebrum and cerebellum to the spinal string. The cerebrum gets data through the five detects: locate‚ notice‚ touch‚ taste‚ and
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During resting‚ peace and contentment the parasympathetic nervous system is active and it calms the heart output. During periods of fright‚ flight and fight the sympathetic nervous system is boosted by the hormone; adrenaline. The nerves of the adrenaline are the cardiac nerves. A special cluster
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holistic view‚ we analyse a blind man. Since this person has lost one of his senses he is much more dependant on other senses such as touch for example. Therefore the mind muscle connection has created strong links between the brain/nervous system and nerves in his fingers (braille) to ensure the human flys (recalling upon both the fight or flight theory and Darwin’s natural selection - and also a point that Tread-m touched upon in his most recent post‚ the Causality Paradigm - Cause and Effect ).
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The Computer. Health Ergonomics Effects of extended use Long term computer exposer can cause eye strain Using the computer for a long period of time causes the eye to be stained due to too much light Carpal tunnel syndrome This is a pinched nerve in the wrist and is caused due to the excessive amount of typing on the computer Inappropriate lighting Eye Strain Materials should be placed on a document holder and moved close enough to the screen so that you do not have to swing your head and
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Spinal Cord Injury * Short Case Study #3 1. Describe the functional anatomy of the spinal cord using the following terms: white matter‚ gray matter‚ tracts‚ roots‚ and spinal nerves. * White matter is one of the two components of the central nervous system‚ and it consists of glial cells and myelinated axons that transmit signals from one region of the cerebrum to another as well as in between the cerebrum and lower brain centers. Grey matter contains neural cell bodies. Unlike
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skeletal‚ cardiovascular‚ Integumentary. 1) The humerus‚ biceps‚ triceps‚ skin‚ and all veins and arteries in the arm. 2) The nervous system was most likely not reattached because it’s way too difficult/probably impossible to attach all of the nerves back in the arm. 3) The clean bite made it easier to attach the muscles and arteries. If they were ripped and torn‚ the reattachment would be extremely difficult. 4) The doctor had to trim the bone on each side of the cut to put in the plate
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