Name: Citric acid Chemical Name: 2-hydroxypropane-1‚2‚3-tricarboxylic acid Chemical Formula: C6H8O7 Chemical Structure: pH: 4.18‚ 3.90‚ 3.57 Classification: Weak acid Uses: It is a natural preservative/conservative and is also used to add an acidic or sour taste to foods and drinks. It is also used mainly as an acidifier‚ as a flavoring‚ and as a chelating agent. Name: Vinegar acid Chemical Name: Acetic acid or ethanoic acid Chemical Formula: C2H4O2 Chemical Structure:
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Running head: ACID RAIN AND ITS EFFECTS Acid Rain: The Killer Rain Twanda Banks Grantham University April 5‚ 2011 Abstract Every time you turn on the television or take a ride in a car‚ you could be contributing to a problem called acid rain. Acid Rain is a serious problem with devastating effects. Every day this problem increases. Many believe that this issue is too small to deal with‚ but if the acid rain problem is not met with head on‚ the effects on people‚ plants‚ animals‚ and the
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Acid rain is a common term for pollution caused when sulfur and nitrogen dioxides combine with atmospheric moisture to produce a rain‚ snow‚ or hail of sulfuric and nitric acids. Such pollution may also be suspended in a fog‚ or the pollutants may be deposited in dry form. Environmental damage from acid rain has been reported in northern Europe and North America. High levels of acid rain have also been detected in other areas of the world‚ such as above the tropical rain forest of Africa. Acid rain
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are several purposes to the amino acid lab experiment. One reason is to help us understand the concept of acids and bases and how they interact with one another. Another purpose is to understand what occurs when placed with the existence of buffers. Lastly‚ the experiment is to help us understand the applications of titrations and how it can be used in a real world setting‚ in this case‚ the identification of an amino acid. One must understand that amino acids all have special characteristics
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Acid Rains There are three gases which could cause acid rain‚ which are Sulphur Dioxide (sulphuric acid)‚ NOx (oxides of nitrogen which produce nitric acid) and also perhaps Carbon Dioxide (weak carbonic acid)‚ produces these acids because these gases dissolve in rain water/ precipitation and this forms a weak version of the acid‚ as the gases dissolve it lowers the pH of the rainwater. I think that there has been a increase in the production of acid rain‚ due to the fact that the country as a
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Minerals-to-Metals Research Initiative‚ Department of Chemical Engineering‚ University of Cape Town‚ Private Bag‚ Rondebosch‚ 7701‚ South Africa a r t i c l e i n f o Available online 17 June 2010 Keywords: Acid mine drainage Prediction test Sulfide tailings a b s t r a c t Acid mine drainage (AMD) is formed by the microbially catalysed oxidation of sulfide minerals on exposure to moisture and air. It results in the ongoing contamination of water streams with acidity‚ sulfate and metal
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18.1.4 – 18.1.6 CALCULATIONS INVOLVING ACIDS AND BASES Review of Important formulas pH = ‐ log10[H+] [H+] = 10‐pH pKa = ‐ log10 Ka Ka = 10‐pKa pOH = ‐ log10[OH‐] [OH‐] = 10‐pOH pKb = ‐ log10 Kb Kb = 10‐pKb The ionic product of water = Kw = [H+] x [OH‐] = 1.0 x 10‐14 mol2 dm‐6 at 298 K The expression varies with temperature
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Acid rain is rain that has become acidic‚ because of air pollutants in the atmosphere. Rain has a normal pH level of around 5-5.5 which is only slightly acidic. 7 on the pH scale is the neutral and anything below that is considered acidic. Acid rain has a pH level around 4 which is 10 times more acidic. Acid rain can fall in many different ways and has many effects on the environment. Acid rain is caused by air pollutants in the atmosphere. These air pollutants are mainly from man made resources
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What is acid rain? Rainfall made sufficiently acidic by atmospheric pollution that it causes environmental harm‚ typically to forests and lakes. What chemicals make rain acidic‚ and how does it happen? Besides water‚ and carbonic acid (from carbon dioxide dissolved in the rain droplets)‚ the primary components of acid rain are sulfuric acid‚ which comes from sulfur dioxide derived from the burning of coal‚ and nitric acid‚ which from nitrogen emissions. Where do these chemical come from?
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and industrial applications. Citric Acid is one of the organic acids commonly used as a chelating agent. It is considered an excellent chelating agent that binds metals. It is used to remove lime scale from boilers and evaporators. It can be used to soften water‚ which makes it useful in soaps and laundry detergents. By chelating the metals in hard water‚ it lets these cleaners produce foam and work better without need for water softening devices. Citric acid is the active ingredient in some bathroom
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