Chapter 3 Fluid Statics: Definitions Statics: ∑F = 0. In statics we have only pressure as surface force and weight as body force. Thus‚ when fluids are still‚ the pressure is balanced by the fluid weight. No relative motion between adjacent fluid layers. Shear stress is zero Only _______ can be acting on fluid surfaces Gravity force acts on the fluid (____ force) Applications: Pressure variation within a reservoir Forces on submerged surfaces Buoyant forces 9/4/2013 1 Pressure Pressure is defined
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NATURAL DISASTERS Whitewater Rafting Whitewater rafting enthusiasts row or paddle rubber rafts down turbulent‚ fast-running rivers. Rafting trips can be short day trips or longer trips that involve camping alongside the river at night. Encarta Encyclopedia Energy Productions/The Image Bank Amazon River The Amazon River in South America is one of the longest rivers in the world. Only the Nile River in Africa is longer. Encarta Encyclopedia Claudia Parks/The Stock
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“Current” Situation A case study of global warming effect on the climate of Western Europe. Massive amounts of water move in the ocean currents‚ transporting warmth‚ nutrients and animal life through thousands of miles. Some of the currents warm entire continents‚ bringing life to regions that would otherwise be locked in constant arctic cold. Others carry food for wildlife‚ contributing to rich and productive ecology. To understand the enormous power of these currents‚ consider that in
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chlorophyll-bearing plants cannot live appears to be about 6‚200 meters. In simple words‚ biosphere can be viewed as the part of the earth consisting of oceans and the surface of the continents‚ together with the adjacent atmosphere (i.e. the troposphere). However‚ polar ice caps and the higher mountains slopes above the snow line are known as parabiosphere. Since living organisms require inorganic metabolites from each of the subdivision of the biosphere‚ water from the hydrosphere‚ mineral
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The Impact of Aerosols on Solar Ultraviolet Radiation and Photochemical Smog R. R. Dickerson*‚ S. Kondragunta‚ G. Stenchikov‚ K. L. Civerolo‚ B. G. Doddridge‚ B. N. Holben ABSTRACT Photochemical smog‚ or ground-level ozone‚ has been the most recalcitrant of air pollution problems‚ but reductions in emissions of sulfur and hydrocarbons may yield unanticipated benefits in air quality. While sulfate and some organic aerosol particles scatter solar radiation back into space and can cool Earth ’s
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Global warming is defined as the increase in average temperature in the atmosphere‚ which causes changes in global climate patterns. Many people do not believe in global warming. They believe it is a cleverly designed hoax to gain political or financial support. I‚ on the other hand‚ do not agree. I have seen how we as people take the earth for granted. How we cut down trees‚ destroying the natural habitat of thousands of organisms‚ how industries pump poisonous chemicals into the air. And some
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Ozone depletion Ozone depletion describes two distinct but related phenomena observed since the late 1970s: a steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of ozone in Earth’sstratosphere (the ozone layer)‚ and a much larger springtime decrease in stratospheric ozone over Earth’s polar regions. The latter phenomenon is referred to as the ozone hole. In addition to these well-known stratospheric phenomena‚ there are also springtime polar tropospheric ozone depletion events. The details
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MOBILE COMMUNICATION VIA STRATOSPHERE -A REVOLUTION IN THE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS g. Krishna teja‚ r. karthik‚ teja.hummer@gmail.com VEC‚ kavali. ABSTRACT: “ANTENNAS MAKE THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG THE PEOPLE THROUGH COMMUNICATION BUT BREAK THE INDIVIDUAL’S RELATIONSHIP WITH THE WORLD THROUGH RADIATION” Today we are in danger due to health hazards caused by mobile radiation. Recent surveys and experts confirmed
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Disadvantages: Sea - during a volcanic eruption earthquakes happen‚ and tsunamis may be created. Also‚ if it is a volcanic island‚ the island may be destroyed‚ and there is no escape. Lava flow - these are very slow moving‚ but destructive as they cannot be stopped and they set fire to everything in their path. Pyroclastic flow - these are impossible to outrun‚ travelling at about 300 km/h‚ and are extremely destructive Mudflow/lahar - these are mud rivers that have the consistency of cement
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Human Alteration of the Global Nitrogen Cycle What is Nitrogen? Nitrogen is the most abundant element in the Earth’s atmosphere. Nitrogen makes up 78% of the troposphere. Nitrogen cannot be absorbed directly by the plants and animals until it is converted into compounds they can use. This process is called the Nitrogen Cycle. Heather McGraw‚ Mandy Williams‚ Suzanne Heinzel‚ and Cristen Whorl‚ Give SIUE Permission to Put Our Presentation on E-reserve at Lovejoy Library. The Nitrogen Cycle
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