prognosis. There are three stages of RCC: the first stage is when the tumor is encapsulated on the adrenal gland. The second stage is when the tumor begins to invade peritoneal fat. The third and final stage is when the tumor goes into the renal vein or regional lymphatic vessels. During Stage I the tumor can be removed with very little negative side effects‚ as it progresses through the stages it becomes harder to get the entire tumor‚ which decreases the prognosis. Metastatic RCC is highly resistant
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Medical Condition: Spindle Cell Sarcoma a. The patient had been diagnosed with splenic spindle cell sarcoma and had her spleen removed. Upon further examination‚ the doctor realized the cancer had metastasized to the liver. b. Spindle cell sarcomas are tumors that come from the connective tissues‚ sometimes called soft tissue sarcomas. They are most commonly seen on the skin but in this case‚ the dog had it on her spleen. Spindle cell sarcomas are usually seen on older dogs. c. Some signs could be a noticeable
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for a bladder infection. kidney stones or a tumor that causes blockage in the urethra or the bladder‚ could be also the cause for cystitis. Symptoms are: feeling the urge to urinate more‚ pain while urinating‚ and blood in the urine (hematuria). To treat a bladder infection: antibiotic will help for the bacteria‚ drinking lots of fluid and medication for the pain. Surgery is needed if kidney stones or tumor are cause for the bladder infection. Wilms tumor is a type of cancer that is located in one
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A nagging cough is one of the more common symptoms and is likely to happen when a tumor is large and blocks an air passage. Another symptom is chest‚ shoulder‚ or back pain‚ which feels like a constant ache that may or may not be related to coughing. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath‚ fatigue‚ weight loss‚ repeated pneumonia
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Chemistry of Cancer Cancerous cells develop when conditions for cells are favorable‚ therefore following the divisions to continually occur‚ never stopping. When this happens‚ a tissue mass of cells called a tumor is formed and does not respond to normal controls regarding cell growth. Cancer cells have the following characteristics: profound changes in the plasma and membrane cytoplasm‚ abnormal growth and division weakened capacity for adhesion‚ and lethality
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more cases where those who were diagnosed go into remission. Cancer is so hard to treat because the tumor cells are constantly growing and mutating. The tumor itself is a mutation of our own cells and since it is an ever mutating mutation‚ it is hard to control. Chemo and surgery are the most well-known treatments for cancer‚ but gene therapy is something that is being used. Gene therapy is where a tumor suppressing gene is cloned. We decided to emphasize on the BRCA1 gene. The purpose of this research
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few. There are many causes to this cancer‚ which come from inherited genes (DNA) that can cause normal breasts to become cancerous because the developing cancer and cause run through families. For instance‚ BRCA1 and BRCA2 are tumor suppressor genes‚ which keep the cancer tumors from forming‚ but when mutated‚ these genes die and cancer is more likely to develop [ (Learn About Cancer‚ 2010) ]. Although scientists do not know the exact reason or causes for breast cancer‚ they do have some ideas of the
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system for toxic drugs. A cancer patient in the process of taking these drugs is subjected to a mind numbing array of horrible side effects. In 2012 a company‚ Bind Biosciences submitted clinical data on their use of nanotechnology to fight cancerous tumors. Their data shows that more of the cancer drug is
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Cervical cancer begins with the abnormal growth of cells lining the cervix. The cervix is located in the lower‚ more superficial‚ region of the uterus. The two types of cells that make up the cervix include nonkeratinizing‚ stratified squamous cells on the exocervix and mucus-secreting‚ columnar cells on the endocervix. The transformation zone contains the squamocolumnar junction where the columnar and the squamous cells meet. This area is the embryonic cell population that is involved in cervical
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expert teams (Salas‚ Rosen‚ Burke‚ Goodwin‚ & Fiore‚ (2006)‚ which all tumor boards are. Salas et al (2006) also state that observational studies are necessary to access information about how teams operate in their environments‚ particularly in complex environments. Rationale. Because of the complex functioning of hospitals and tumor boards‚ ethnography is the most suitable tool for illuminating the subtle culture of tumor boards in their interactions of multidisciplinary physicians. In addition
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