A STUDY ON “CAPITAL BUDGETING” WITH REFEREENCE TO BHARAT HEAVY ELECTRICIAL LIMITED A project report submitted in partial fulfillment of requirments for the awards of degree of MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION BY DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS MANAGEMENT SRI INDU INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT (AFFILIATED TO OSMANIA UNIVERSITY) 2007-2009 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT My sincere thanks are due to all who have helped me in various ways in the course of the project. I am deeply grateful to MR.P.V.ARUN KUMAR for giving
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Notes: FIN 303 Spring 09‚ Part 8 – Topics in Capital Budgeting Professor James P. Dow‚ Jr. Part 8. Topics in Capital Budgeting In part 7 we learned the basics of capital budgeting. However‚ we ignored some of the complications that can arise when evaluating projects. In this section we look at a few of those issues. How Uncertainty Affects the Capital Budgeting Decision Every project has uncertainty and so we need to determine how risk affects how we make decisions. Large corporations often use
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Answer- 1: Answer- 1 India was a closed economy in the beginning. Policy banning imports. The Liberalization of India’s Government in 1991. New Industrial Policy. Strict policies regarding the entry of foreign brands. Trade rules & regulations simplified. Foreign investment increased. Pepsi enters in 1986. Coca-Cola follows in 1993. Contd … Slide 14: Unlawful to market under their Western name in India Pepsi became “Lehar Pepsi”. Coca-Cola merged with Parle and became “Coca-Cola India”. Different
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The Importance of Budgeting Budgeting‚ both as a form of planning and a decision-making tool‚ is vital to a company. It provides a detailed estimate of how the company expects to spend money in the following period. Budgeting helps firms to prepare themselves and make alterations‚ if needed‚ in order to achieve the desired results. Budgets allow firms to better utilize the financial resources available to them. Most companies create their budgets on an annual basis‚ aiming to obtain a more precise
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Behavioural Issues in the Budgetary Control System Objectives of Budgeting Through budgeting organisations can provide information for strategic planning and control‚ these are the two main objectives of the budgetary control system. Management and management accountants must work together and operate a system that achieves these objectives‚ they do so through a system called variance analysis. Management accountants compare the actual results against the budgets; they then send reports to the
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Disadvantages of Participative Budgeting Participative Budgeting is the situation in which budgets are designed and set after input from subordinate managers‚ instead of merely being imposed. The idea behind this sort of budgeting is to assign responsibility to subordinate managers and place a form of personal ownership on the final budget. Nearly two decades of management accounting research has resulted in equivocal findings on the consequences and effects of participative budgeting (Lindquist 1995). Participative
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Capital budgeting is the process of evaluating and selecting long-term investments that are in line with the goal of investors’ wealth maximization. When a business makes a capital investment (assets such as equipment‚ building‚ land etc.) it incurs a cash outlay in the expectation of future benefits. The expected benefits generally extend beyond one year in the future. Out of different investment proposals available to a business‚ it has to choose a proposal that provides the best return and the
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Define traditional budgeting Traditional budget is a type of budget which uses the income and expenses from the previous year or month to predict the next month or year ’s budget. A traditional budget is easy to create since it is meant to predict a future period of finances in relation to the previous period. In most cases though‚ the traditional budget usually ends up being too rigid. http://blog.trginternational.com/trg-in-the-board-room/bid/162036/Traditional-budgeting-approach-advantages-and-disadvantages
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INTRODUCTION TO CAPITAL BUDGETING Overview 159 7.1 The NPV Rule for Judging Investments and Projects 159 7.2 The IRR Rule for Judging Investments 161 7.3 NPV or IRR‚ Which to Use? 162 7.4 The “Yes–No” Criterion: When Do IRR and NPV Give the Same Answer? 163 7.5 Do NPV and IRR Produce the Same Project Rankings? 164 7.6 Capital Budgeting Principle: Ignore Sunk Costs and Consider Only Marginal Cash Flows 168 7.7 Capital Budgeting Principle: Don’t Forget the Effects of Taxes—Sally and Dave’s
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basis to the advent of ABB. Nowadays‚ more and more companies start to use ABB in the budgeting process. Referring to ABB‚ companies do well in their budgeting period. This shows that ABB itself has many outstanding characters. In this article we will compare it with traditional budget method‚ so that it could give us a general survey about the characters and benefits ABB has. What is Activity-Based Budgeting (ABB) Definition of ABB Brimson says ABB is a managing process that based on the activity
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