Plea bargaining is a commonly used prosecutorial method to dispose of a case without going to trial. A plea bargain or negotiated plea is an agreement between the defense and the prosecutor in which a defendant pleads guilty to a criminal charge and in exchange he expects to receive some form of consideration from the state. (Neubauer‚ 2002‚ p. 323) Most cases never make it to trial‚ more than 80 percent of criminal cases filed ended with the defendant entering a guilty plea. (Fagin‚ 2003‚ p. 61)
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by means of public whippings‚ maiming‚ or being shamed. Historically‚ there have been two types of prisons or penitentiary systems in the United States. The Pennsylvania and the New York penitentiary systems form the basis are penitentiary systems in the United States. Although the two share some of the same principles‚ they differ in many respects and it is not surprising that supporters of each type believe strongly that his or her preferred system is the most desirable and best represents that
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organize people in society with laws‚ distribute federal funds equally and distribution of natural resources. “Politics involves choosing which values government will support and which it will not. Put more simply‚ politics is the process of who gets what and how” (13). There are many different types of governments. The different type of governments has a lot to do with the freedoms individuals have and the distribution of federal income.
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Drug Courts Elizabeth Johnson was a model student. She was characterized by her teachers as hardworking‚ driven‚ and goal oriented. After being placed on the honor roll and graduating early from Morris High School in Will County‚ Illinois‚ she attended Northern Illinois University to become a lawyer. Within her first year at college‚ her life derailed. She was caught by the police and arrested for possession of marijuana. Johnson was expecting to be placed in prison but she found herself in a drug
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& Kale‚ LP Memo To: Supervising Attorney From: Amber Blanton Date: 5/16/2012 Re: Samantha Smith Fact: Samantha Smith slipped and fell on spilled shampoo in the aisle at the grocery store in question. After we filed our complaint with the courts; the store alleges that Ms. Smith had a duty to avoid the spillage‚ but was too distracted by her son to notice. The store feels that Ms. Smith is just as much responsible as they are. Issue: Is it equal responsibility on both parties as involved
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Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1800-1835. Marshall’s court opinions helped lay the basis for the United States constitutional law and made the Supreme Court of the United States an equal branch of government‚ along with legislative and executive branches. He had previously been a leader of the Federalist Party in Virginia and served in the United States House of Representatives from 199 to 1800. John Marshall’s court cases expanded the power of the court‚ solidified federalist
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upon the powers of the United States Supreme Court. First‚ the U.S. Constitution and Supreme Court are at the top of a pyramid with a very wide state and local base of criminal justice administration. So the Supreme Court has to depend on local courts‚ prosecutors‚ and police officers to apply its decisions to day-to-day operations. Second‚ and just as important‚ U.S. Courts of Appeals‚ U.S. District Courts‚ and state courts answer constitutional questions the Supreme Court hasn’t answered yet—and often
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In 1989 the first drug court was introduced in Miami Dade County‚ Florida. Drug problems in Florida were substantial and mirrored many states across the United States. Crack Cocaine was on the rise as so was the crime across the United States. The many types of drug courts have been put in place to decrease recidivism‚ drug use and restore lives and families. Drug Courts are designed to serve as the alternative for incarceration. A big factor in criminal justice is figuring out what programs work
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Government Court Cases Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) 1. The Supreme Court had to decide if the state had power over the federal government in regulating commerce based on Article I Section 8. 2. Aaron Ogden was granted a license to run a steam-driven ferry monopoly in New York. Thomas Gibbons‚ his previous competitor‚ decided to continue running his ferries in defiance of the monopoly‚ so Ogden decided to sue Gibbons for trying to block his business and won in all the New York courts. 3. In this
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pd. 7 10/30/12 Supreme Court Marbury vs. Madison (1803): On the final of his presidency‚ John Adams named forty-two justices of the peace and sixteen new circuit court justices for the District of Columbia with the “Midnight Appointments”. “The Midnight Appointments” were an attempt by the Federalists to take control of the federal judiciary prior to Thomas Jefferson taking office. The commissions were signed by President Adams and sealed by acting Secretary of State John Marshall (who later
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