Paper F4 (ENG) CHAPTER Corporate and business law 8 Companies and legal personality Contents 1 2 3 The features of a limited company Types of company Advantages and disadvantages of incorporation: the veil of incorporation © EWP Go to www.emilewoolfpublishing.com for Q/As‚ Notes & Study Guides 199 Paper F4: Corporate and business law (English) The features of a limited company Comparison of companies with other forms of business The meaning of separate legal personality
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ownership interest in the business cannot readily be sold. A partnership is a legal entity that is jointly owned by two or more individuals. As with a sole proprietorship‚ the owners are personally liable for all debts of the firm unless a special type of partnership‚ the limited partnership is set up. Limited partnerships are complex legal structures‚ and one partner must retain unlimited liability for the debts of the firm. Even partnership agreements for regular partner ships can be quite complex
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| | | | |Sole Proprietorship |Partnership |Un-incorporated Associations |Companies | | | | | | | | |
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CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT Unit 1 FORMATION OF COMPANY Promotion of Company – Promotion – Incorporation – Capital Subscription and Certificate of Commencement of Business. Memorandum of Association – Definition – Clauses. Articles of Association – Definition – Contents – Distinction between Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association – Alteration of Memorandum of Association and Articles of Association. Prospectus – Meaning – Contents – Statement in Lieu of Prospectus. INTRODUCTION
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The Companies Act‚ 1956 Sec 1 Short title‚ and commencement (1) This Act may be called the Companies (Amendment) Act‚ 2000. (2) The provisions of this Act‚ other than sections 7 and 75‚ shall come into force at once and sections 7 and 75 shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may‚ by notification in the Official Gazette‚ appoint. Sec 2 Definitions In this Act‚ unless the context otherwise requires‚ (1) "abridged prospectus" means a memorandum containing such salient features
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Assignment On FORMATION OF COMPANY AND PUBLIC & PRIVATE LTD COMPANY SUBMITTED BY: Sadia Kamal Shifa Roll No: Course: SUBMITTED TO: FORMATION OF COMPANY: A joint stock company is a company whose capital is divided into shares and the liability of whose shareholders is limited to the par value of the shares respectively held by them. Joint stock companies fall under two distinctive categories. The first category consists of a company whose promoters secure a portion of its share capital by
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Companies Ordinance‚ 1984 Provided that‚ before a licence is so revoked‚ the Commission shall give to the association notice in writing of its intention‚ and shall afford the association an opportunity of submitting a representation in opposition to the revocation. COMPANIES LIMITED BY GUARANTEE 43. Provision as to companies limited by guarantee.- (1) In the case of a company limited by guarantee and not having a share capital‚ every provision in the memorandum or articles or in any resolution
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features of limited companies A limited company is a business that is owned by its shareholders‚ run by directors and most importantly the company liability is limited. Limited liability means the investors cannot held personally liable for the company’s loses. This encourages people to finance the company‚ and/or to set up such a business‚ they know that they can only lose what they put in‚ if the company fails. For people or businesses who have a claim against the company‚ “limited liability”
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Business sector – Private/Ltd (Limited Trade Company) A limited trade company is a company in which the liability of members or subscribers of the company is limited to what they have invested or guaranteed to the company. Limited companies may be limited by shares or by guarantee. And the former of these‚ a limited company limited by shares‚ may be further divided into public companies and private companies. Who may become a member of a private limited company is restricted by law and by the company’s
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Scenario of company limited by shares Joseph forms a company limited by shares which he representing a sole shareholder and sole director of the limited company while Germany has been employed as the secretary of the limited company. Joseph agrees to subscribe 2 shares in the company and he had made the full payment. During the business operations‚ the limited company earns profit initially. After few years‚ declines in demand of their products caused the company started to make severe losses and
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